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Exam 4 - Endocrine, Blood, Circulatory, Lymphatic > Endocrine System > Flashcards

Endocrine System Flashcards

1
Q

T or F: Endocrine glands have ducts

A

False

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2
Q

T or F: Endocrine glands are ductless

A

True

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3
Q

T or F: Endocrine glands secrete into body surfaces or cavities

A

False

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4
Q

T or F: Endocrine glands release their secretions into blood

A

True

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5
Q

estrogen: amino acid or steroid?

A

steroid

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6
Q

calcitonin: amino acid or steroid?

A

amino acid

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7
Q

cortisol: amino acid or steroid?

A

steroid

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8
Q

ACTH: amino acid or steroid?

A

amino acid

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9
Q

ADH: amino acid or steroid?

A

amino acid

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10
Q

aldosterone: amino acid or steroid?

A

steroid

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11
Q

Steroid hormones are produced and secreted by two organs:

A
  1. male/female gonads

2. adrenal cortex

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12
Q

What type of hormones are produced by the male and female gonads?

A

steroids

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13
Q

What type of hormones are produced by the adrenal cortex?

A

steroids

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14
Q

The _____ pituitary is made up of glandular tissue derived from epithelium.

A

anterior

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15
Q

How many hormones are manufactured and released by the anterior pituitary?

A

at least six

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16
Q

The _____ pituitary is made up of neural tissue.

A

posterior

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17
Q

another name for the posterior pituitary

A

neurohypophysis

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18
Q

another name for the anterior pituitary

A

adenohypophysis

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19
Q

hormones regulating the anterior pituitary’s production of hormones are produced in the …

A

… hypothalamus

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20
Q

hypothalamus - anterior pituitary flow chart:

A

capillaries of hypothalamus -
hypophyseal portal vein -
capillaries of anterior pituitary -
anterior pituitary releases hormones

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21
Q

hypothalamus - posterior pituitary flow chart:

A

axons of hypothalamic neurons -
hypothalamic - hypophyseal tract (which runs through infundibulum) -
capillary beds in posterior pituitary -
neurohormones released

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22
Q

hormone that regulates the secretory action of another endocrine gland

A

tropic hormone

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23
Q

endocrine gland that could be considered part of the autonomic nervous system

A

adrenal medulla

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24
Q

four tropic hormones produced by the anterior pituitary:

A
  1. TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone)
  2. ACTH (adrenocorticotripic hormone)
  3. FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone)
  4. LH (luteneizing hormone)
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25
Q

where is TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone) produced?

A

anterior pituitary

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26
Q

TSH

A

thyroid-stimulating hormone

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27
Q

where is ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone) produced?

A

anterior pituitary

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28
Q

ACTH

A

adrenocorticotropic hormone

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29
Q

where is FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone) produced?

A

anterior pituitary

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30
Q

FSH

A

follicle-stimulating hormone

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31
Q

where is LH (luteinizing hormone) produced?

A

anterior pituitary

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32
Q

LH

A

luteinizing hormone

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33
Q

what are the three main target organs for PTH?

A
  1. bone
  2. kidney
  3. intestine
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34
Q

PTH

A

parathyroid hormone

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35
Q

endocrine gland seated in the sella turcica; attached to the infundibulum

A

pituitary gland

36
Q

endocrine gland located deep to the sternum in thorax

A

thymus

37
Q

endocrine glands located on the superior edges of the kidneys

A

adrenal glands

38
Q

endocrine glands located on the anterior neck, overlying trachea, just inferior to larynx

A

thyroid

39
Q

endocrine gland located in the roof of the third ventricle

A

pineal gland

40
Q

endocrine gland located posterior to stomach

A

pancreas

41
Q

4-8 small, pea-shaped glands located on the posterior thyroid

A

parathyroid glands

42
Q

endocrine gland located in the sternum

A

testes

43
Q

endocrine gland located in the lower abdominopelvic cavity

A

ovaries

44
Q

two neurohormones produced and secreted by the adrenal medulla

A

epinepherine and norepinepherine

45
Q

what type of hormones are the two neurohormones produced and secreted from the adrenal medulla?

A

catecholamines

46
Q

where is epinepherine produced and secreted?

A

adrenal medulla

47
Q

where is norepinepherine produced and secreted?

A

adrenal medulla

48
Q

three layers of the adrenal cortex

A 
zona glomerosa (superficial)
zona fasciculata (middle)
zona reticularis (closest to adrenal medulla)
49
Q

what class of steroid hormones are produced in the zona glomurosa?

A

mineralocorticoids

50
Q

what class of steroid hormones are produced in the zona fasciculata?

A

glucocorticoids

51
Q

what class of steroid hormones are produced in the zona reticular is?

A

glucocorticoids (adrenal androgens)

52
Q

which hormone stimulates the adrenal cortex to produce and secrete hormones?

A

adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

53
Q

function of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

A

stimulates adrenal cortex to produce and secrete hormones

54
Q

stimulates muscle and bone cells to make proteins

A

growth hormone (GH)

55
Q

function of growth hormone (GH)

A

stimulates muscle and bone cells to make proteins

56
Q

stimulates the breast to manufacture milk

A

prolactin (PRL)

57
Q

prolactin (PRL)

A

stimulates the breast to manufacture milk

58
Q

signals the thyroid gland to secrete its own hormones

A

thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)

59
Q

thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)

A

stimulates the thyroid to secrete its own hormones

60
Q

keeps blood glucose levels high through gluconeogenesis

A

cortisol

61
Q

cortisol

A

keeps blood glucose levels high through gluconeogenesis

62
Q

resorbs sodium from the kidney to regulate blood pressure

A

aldosterone

63
Q

aldosterone

A

resorbs sodium from the kidney to regulate blood pressure

64
Q

signals liver to release glucose into the blood from glycogen stores

A

glucagon

65
Q

glucagon

A

signals liver to release glucose into the blood from glycogen stores

66
Q

stimulates transport of glucose from the blood into the many cells of the body

A

insulin

67
Q

insulin

A

stimulates transport of glucose from the blood into the many cells of the body

68
Q

acts on gonads to stimulate production of gametes

A

follicle-stimulating hormone

69
Q

follicle-stimulating hormone

A

acts on gonads to stimulate production of gametes

70
Q

acts on gonads to stimulate secretion of sex hormones

A

luteinizing hormone

71
Q

luteinizing hormone

A

acts on gonads to stimulate secretion of sex hormones

72
Q

stimulates uterine contractions and milk ejection from the mammary glands

A

oxytocin

73
Q

oxytocin

A

stimulates uterine contractions and milk ejection from the mammary glands

74
Q

regulates the body’s basal metabolic rate

A

thyroid hormone

75
Q

thyroid hormone

A

regulates the body’s basal metabolic rate

76
Q

increases blood levels of calcium

A

parathyroid hormone

77
Q

parathyroid hormone

A

increases blood levels of calcium

78
Q

decreases blood levels of calcium

A

calcitonin

79
Q

calcitonin

A

decreases blood levels of calcium

80
Q

maintains male reproductive organs and secondary sex characteristics

A

testosterone

81
Q

testosterone

A

maintains male reproductive organs and secondary sex characteristics

82
Q

maintains female reproductive organs and secondary sex characteristics

A

estrogen

83
Q

estrogen

A

maintains female reproductive organs and secondary sex characteristics

84
Q

stimulates kidney tubule cells to resorb water

A

antidiuretic hormone

85
Q

antidiuretic hormone

A

stimulates kidney tubule cells to resorb water

Exam 4 - Endocrine, Blood, Circulatory, Lymphatic (3 decks)

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