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Hormones & Behavior > Endocrine System > Flashcards

Endocrine System Flashcards

1
Q

Types of communication

A

intracrine
autocrine
paracrine
endocrine

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2
Q

intracrine communication

A

intracellular events without secretion

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3
Q

autocrine communication

A

signal feeds back to affect the same cell that excreted the hormone (with secretion

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4
Q

paracrine communication

A

cells secrete chemicals and the chemicals affect other cells

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5
Q

endocrine communication

A

cells release chemical into bloodstream and they affect other (distant) cells

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6
Q

5 features of an endocrine system

A
  1. ductless (vs. exocrine)
  2. system must be vascularized
  3. hormone is transported throughout bloodstream
  4. hormone affects distant target cells
  5. hormone interactions with specific receptors
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7
Q

4 types of hormones (chemically)

A
  1. peptide/protein
  2. monoamine
  3. steroid
  4. lipid-based
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8
Q

exocytosis

A

hormones are packed in secretory vesicles and are released when they reach cell membrane (exocrine)

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9
Q

peptide/protein: enters cell via

A

exocytosis

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10
Q

peptide/protein: solubility

A

water

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11
Q

peptide/protein: binds to receptor in

A

membrane

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12
Q

peptide/protein: examples

A

insulin, leptin, vasopressin

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13
Q

monoamine structure

A

1 amino acid

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14
Q

2-10 amino acids is a

A

peptide

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15
Q

11-50 amino acids is a

A

polypeptide

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16
Q

50+ amino acids is a

A

protein

17
Q

steroid hormone: basic foundation is

A

cholesterol

18
Q

steroid hormone: solubility

A

lipid

19
Q

steroid hormone: binds to receptor in

A

cytoplasm because it can diffuse across cell membrane

20
Q

lipid soluble hormones require

A

carrier proteins because lipid doesn’t like watery blood

21
Q

monoamine: examples

A

epinephrine, norepinephrine, melatonin

22
Q

two types of monoamines

A
  1. catecholamine

2. indole amines

23
Q

catecholamines

A

(monoamines)
- tyrosine (1 amino acid) makes
dopamine

  • dopamine makes 1)epinephrine, 2)norepinephrine
24
Q

indole amines

A
  • tryptophan makes serotonin

- serotonin makes melatonin

25
Q

lipid-based hormones: example

A

prostaglandins

26
Q

lipid-based hormones: solubility

A

fatty acid

27
Q

lipid-based hormones: binds to receptor in

A

cell membrane (even though it is lipid soluble). Requires transporter protein.

Hormones & Behavior (3 decks)

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