Endocrine system Flashcards
GnRH
gonadotropin releasing hormone
CRH
corticotropin releasing hormone
GHRH
growth hormone releasing hormone
GHIH
growth hormone inhibiting hormone
PRH
prolactin releasing hormone
PIH
prolactin inhibiting hormone
TRH
thyrotropin releasing hormone
ADH
antidiuretic hormone
ACTH
adrenocoricotropic hormone
LH
luteinizing hormone
ICSH
interstitial cell stimulating hormone
FSH
follicle stimulating hormone
GH
growth hormone
TSH
thyroid stimulating hormone
MSH
melanocyte stimulating hormone
PTH
parathyroid hormone
Pineal gland
hormone: melatonin
target tissue: hypothalamus, gonads
function: biorhythm regulation
Hypothalamus
hormone: CRH
target tissue: adenohypophysis
function: stimulates ACTH production and release
Hypothalamus
hormone: GnRH
target tissue: adenohyphphysis
function: stimulates FSH/LH production and release
Hypothalamus
hormone: GHRH
target tissue: adenohypophysis
function: stimulates GH production and release
Hypothalamus
hormone: GHIH
target tissue: adenohypophysis
function: inhibits GH production and release
Hypothalamus
hormone: PRH
target tissue: adenohypophysis
function: stimulates prolactin production and release
Hypothalamus
hormone: PIH
target tissue: adenohypophysis
function: inhibits prolactin production and release
Hypothalamus
hormone: TRH
target tissue: adenohypophysis
function: stimulates TSH production and release
Hypothalamus
hormone: oxytocin
target tissue: mammary glands
function: milk let down and uterine contractions
Hypothalamus
hormone: ADH
target tissue: kidneys
function: water retention
Anterior pituitary (adenohypophysis) hormone: ACTH
target tissue: adrenal cortex
function: stimulates glucocorticoid production and release
Anterior pituitary (adenohypophysis) hormone: LH
target tissue: ovaries
function: stimulates progesterone production and release
same as ICSH in males
Anterior pituitary (adenohypophysis) hormone: ICSH
target tissue: leydig cells of testes
function: stimulates testosterone production and release
same as LH in females
Anterior pituitary (adenohypophysis) hormone: FSH
target tissue: ovaries and testes
function: stimulates gamete production
Anterior pituitary (adenohypophysis) hormone: GH
target tissue: musculoskeletal system
function: tissue growth
Anterior pituitary (adenohypophysis) hormone: prolactin
target tissue: mammary glands
function: milk production
Anterior pituitary (adenohypophysis) hormone: TSH
target tissue: thyroid gland
function: increased production of T3 and T4
Anterior pituitary (adenohypophysis) hormone: MSH
target tissue: melanocytes of skin
function: increased melanin production
Posterior pituitary (neurohypophysis) hormone: stores oxytocin
target tissue: mammary glands and uterus
function: milk let down and uterine contractions
Posterior pituitary (neurohypophysis) hormone: stores ADH
target tissue: kidneys
function: water retention
Thyroid
hormone: T3 and T4
target tissue: most cells
function: increased metabolism
Thyroid
hormone: calcitonin
target tissue: bone
function: decreased osteoclast activity (reduces circulating Ca+2)
isthmus
connects left and right thyroid glands
Parathyroid
hormone: PTH
target tissue: bone, kidneys, small intestine
function: increased osteoclast activity (increases circulating Ca+2)
Adrenal cortex
hormone: mineralcorticoids
target tissue: kidneys
function: increased Na+ retention and K+ and H+ excretion
Adrenal cortex
hormone: glucocorticoids (stress hormones)
target tissue: most tissues
function: increased proteolysis, lipolysis, gluconeogenesis
Adrenal cortex
hormone: androgens
target tissue: most tissues
function: secondary sex characteristics
Adrenal medulla
hormone: epinephrine
target tissue: cardiovascular, liver, and adipose
function: increased glucose/fatty acids in blood
function: increased CO (cardiac output)
Pancreas islets
hormone: glucagon and insulin
target tissue: liver, skeletal muscle, and adipose
function: regulation of blood glucose levels
Testes
hormone: testosterone
target tissue: most cells
function: spermatogenesis and secondary sex characteristics
Testes
hormone: inhibin
target tissue: adenohypophysis
function: inhibits FSH
Ovaries
hormone: estrogen
target tissue: most cells
function: secondary sex characteristics
function: genital development and menstrual cycle
Ovaries
hormone: progesterone
target tissue: most cells
function: secondary sex characteristics
function: genital development and menstrual cycle
Ovaries
hormone: inhibin
target tissue: adenohypophysis
function: inhibits FSH
Ovaries
hormone: relaxin
target tissue: connective tissue
function; increased flexibility of pubic symphysis
