Endocrine System Flashcards
This system, along with the nervous system, is one of the two major control systems in the body
Endocrine System
_________ secrete a wide variety of substances called hormones
Endocrine glands
______ are released directly into the bloodstream and affect various tissues and organs that have receptors for specific hormones
In this way, many aspects of metabolism and other body processes are regulated
Hormones
- As big as a marble, it lies at the base of the brain
- Regulates metabolism, growth, sexual development and the immune response
Pituitary gland (Hypophysis)
Thyroid hormones influence the rate of metabolism
Thyroid gland
- These are 4 glands that lie posterior to the thyroid.
- It’s important in the control of calcium metabolism
Parathyroid glands
_______ hormones stimulate the immune system
Thymus
The ______ secretes insulin when carbohydrates (sugar and starch) are being digested
(When the body needs for carbohydrates are meet, insulin directs the excess carbohydrates to be converted to fat and then stored)
Pancreas
A small gland on top of each kidney
It has an outer portion called cortex and inner medulla
Adrenal or suprarenal gland
The medulla produces _______
Adrenaline or epinephrine
The medulla produces adrenaline (epinephrine) and _______ which activate the sympathetic nervous system.
Noradrenaline (norepinephrine)
The adrenal cortex produces hormones like _______ that influence the balance of electrolytes and water in the body, and cortisol that affects the immune response and the metabolism of carbohydrates
Aldosterone
It also secretes estrogenic (female) and androgenic (male) hormones.
Adrenal or suprarenal gland
Paired female organs which produce female sex hormones and ova or eggs
Ovary
Paired male organs which produces male sex hormones and spermatozoa
Testes
