Endocrine System Flashcards
What are glands?
Glands are organs that release small chemicals called hormones
Where are the hormones released?
Into the blood stream
True or false?
A hormone can only stimulate specific types of cells?
True
Different glands release different hormones true or false
True.
How does the endocrine system work?
Glands are organs that release small chemicals called hormones
These chemicals are normally released into the blood stream allowing them to travel around the body
They can bind to specific cells that have the correct receptors
This will bring about some change within the cell
How does the endocrine system work?
Glands are organs that release small chemicals called hormones
These chemicals are normally released into the blood stream allowing them to travel around the body
They can bind to specific cells that have the correct receptors
This will bring about some change within the cell
True or false hormones can only stimulate a specific cell
True
What does the pituitary gland do
Releases multiple hormones
It is often referred to as the master gland
The hormonesbit releases control what other glands do
Which gland releases thyroxine?
Thyroid gland
What is the role of thyroxine?
It regulates metabolism
What happens if your thyroxine levels are too low?
The pituitary gland will release more thyristor stimulating hormone tsh
What is the role of adrenaline?
Stimulates a fight or flight response
Where is adrenaline released from
The adrenal glands
Which organ is insulin released from?
Pancreas
Which organs is testosterone released from?
The testes
Do the effects of the endocrine system or nervous system last longer?
Endocrine as the hormones stay in the blood longer whereas electrical impulses from the nervous system last a split second
What happens if blood glucose concentrations fall too low?
There won’t be enough glucose for tissue cells to respire
After eating does our blood glucose concentration increase or decrease?
Increase
Which organ detects changes in blood glucose concentration
Pancreas
Which hormone decreases blood glucose levels?
Insuilin
What are the two main organs that insulin stimulates to absorb glucose from the blood?
Muscle and liver
When glucose is absorber by the liver for long term storage what molecule is it converted to?
Glycogen
How does glucagon work?
When blood glucose levels fall to low
It’s detected by the pancreas
This causes the pancreas to release the hormone glucagon into the blood stream
This hormone then travels around the body and binds mainly to cells in the liver
This stimulates those liver cells to break down their stored glycogen into glucose
What happens when blood glucose levels get too high?
Insulin is released from the pancreas into the blood stream. This causes organs such as the liver to absorb glucose from the blood and covert it into glucogen
What is diabetes?
When the body can’t regulate the levels of glucose properly.
What is glucose a type of?
Carbohydrate
Which type of diabetes commonly occurs in younger people such as children and teenagers
Type 1
What is the issue for type 1 diabetes?
The pancreas doesn’t release enough insuilin
How is type 1 diabetes managed?
Insulin injection, monitor diet and excerise regularly
Is type 1 diabetes temporary or life long?
Life long
What us the underlying issue in type two diabetes?
The body’s tissue becomes resistant to insulin
What factors increas type 2 diabetes
Lack of exercise and poor diet
Which age group is most likely to get type 2 diabetes?
Older.
What is puberty?
Is the period in which adolescents starts to develop secondary sexual characteristics
What happens during puberty?
Depending of voice breast devolp musclr mass increases increase in height
Which organ is testorone released from?
Testes
Which organ releases oestrogen?
Ovaries
How long does the average menstrual cycle last?
28 days
What happens in stage one of the menstrual cycle?
Period of bleeding as the uterus lining breaks down
What’s the name of stage 1 of the menstrual cycle?
Menustration
What is stage 2 of the menustral cycle?
Building up the uterus lining
What is stage three of the menstrual cycle?
Release of egg from ovaries
What’s the name for stage three of the menustral cycle?
Ovulation
What happens in stage four of the menustral cycle?
Maintenence of the uterus lining
What happens after stage four if there is no fertilised eggs?
The cycle starts again
If a fertilised egg implants into the uterus lining then the menustrual cycle stops and the lining is maintained
True
Which hormones stimulates the uterus lining to devolp?
Oestrogen
Which organs are both lutenising hormone and follicle stimulating hormone released from?
Pituitary gland
Which hormone stimulates the egg to he released around day 14?
Lh
Which hormone stimulates the egg follicle to mature
Fsh
Which hormone maintains the lining of the uterus
Progesterone
What is contraception?
A method to prevent pregnancy
Which hormones can hormonal contraceptives contain?
Progesterone and oestrogene
How can oestrogen act as a contraceptive
Inhbits fsh production skills that the eggs won’t mature
How can progesterone act as a contraceptive?
Stimulates the production of mucus in the cervix so sperms can’t enter the uterus
Which contraceptive is the longest lasting?
Intrauterine device last more than three years
What is the shortest lasting contraceptive?
Contraceptive patch
Which contraceptive is the most invasive?
Contraceptive implant
How does a spermicide act as a contraceptive?
Destroys or disables the sperms cell
If a women goes under sterilisation which structure is cut out?
Her fallopian tubes
