Endocrine System

Question 1

endocrine system

Answer 1

is a system of glands that produce and secrete hormones into the bloodstream. The endocrine system regulates various body processes, including metabolism, growth, development, reproduction, and homeostasis.

Question 2

Hormones

Answer 2

are chemical messengers that travel throughout the body to target cells or organs.
- They help regulate physiological processes by binding to specific receptors on target cells, triggering cellular responses.
- Hormonal regulation ensures that various body functions are coordinated, maintained, and adjusted in response to changing conditions.
- Examples include insulin (regulates blood glucose), thyroid hormones (regulate metabolism), and sex hormones (control reproductive processes).

Question 3

Key endocrine glands

Answer 3

include the pituitary gland, thyroid gland, adrenal glands, pancreas, and gonads (testes and ovaries)

Question 4

pancreas: an endocrine gland

Answer 4

The endocrine cells of the pancreas produce the hormones glucagon, insulin, and somatostatin. For example, blood glucose level is high after eating, the pancreas secretes insulin that allows cells to take in glucose for energy, the blood glucose level is usually low before eating, the pancreas secretes glucagon that acts opposite to insulin

Question 5

pancreas: an exdocrine gland

Answer 5

The exocrine tissue of the pancreas produces and secretes juices that help with digestion in the small intestine. For example, the exocrine tissue secretes the enzymes in pancreatic juice and releases into the small intestine to process the food digestion.

Question 6

the level of thyroxine

Answer 6

The control mechanism regulating the level of thyroxine in the body involves the hypothalamus, anterior pituitary, and the thyroid gland. Here’s how it works:

1.The hypothalamus releases thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH).
2.TRH stimulates the anterior pituitary gland to release thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH).
3.TSH then signals the thyroid gland to produce and release thyroxine.
4.Thyroxine levels are regulated through negative feedback.
5.When thyroxine levels rise, they send a signal to the hypothalamus and anterior pituitary.
6.This negative feedback loop prompts the anterior pituitary to stop producing TSH.
7.As a result, thyroxine levels return to a balanced state.