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HESI > Endocrine system > Flashcards

Endocrine system Flashcards

1
Q

Collection of glands that secrete hormones into the blood to regulate different bodily functions

A

Endocrine system

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2
Q

Is the endocrine system considered a slow or fast system

A

Slow

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3
Q

Where is the Hypothalamus gland located?

A

Brain

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4
Q

What 2 hormones are produced by the Hypothalamus and what do they do?

A
  1. Dopamine - “happy chemical”
  2. Thyrotropin-releasing hormone - stimulates the release of thyrotropin
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5
Q

How many lobes does the Pituitary gland have and where is it located?

A

2, the brain

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6
Q

What are the 6 hormones produced by the anterior lobe of the Pituitary gland?

A
  1. growth hormone
  2. thyroid stimulating hormone
  3. adrenocorticotropic hormone
  4. prolactin
  5. follicle stimulating hormone
  6. luteinizing hormone
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7
Q

What does the adrenocorticotropic hormone do?

A

Stimulates the release of cortisol

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8
Q

What 2 things does the prolactin hormone do?

A

Stimulates breast development and milk production

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9
Q

What 2 things does the FSH hormone do?

A

controls menstruation and the growth of eggs

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10
Q

What 2 things does the luteinizing hormone do?

A

Controls menstruation and ovulation

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11
Q

What are the 2 hormones produced by the posterior lobe of the Pituitary gland and what do they do?

A
  1. oxytocin - stimulates contractions for labor and lactation
  2. vasopressin - regulates blood pressure and volume
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12
Q

Where is the Pineal gland located?

A

The brain

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13
Q

What hormone does the Pineal gland produce?

A

Melatonin

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14
Q

Where is the thyroid gland located?

A

The base of the neck

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15
Q

What 3 hormones are produced by the thyroid and what do they do?

A
  1. triiodothyronine (T3) - affects metabolism
  2. Thyroxine (T4) - affects metabolism
  3. Calcitonin - regulates calcium levels
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16
Q

Where is the parathyroid gland located?

A

The neck

17
Q

What hormone is produced by the parathyroid gland?

A

Parathyroid hormone (PTH) - regulates calcium

18
Q

How many Adrenal glands are there and where are they located?

A

2, 1 above each kidney

19
Q

What are the 2 components of Adrenal glands?

A

Medulla (inside)
Cortex (outside)

20
Q

What 3 hormones are produced by the Medulla Adrenal glands and what do they do?

A
  1. Adrenaline - “fight or flight”
  2. Noradrenaline - “fight or flight”
  3. Dopamine - “happy chemical”
21
Q

What 3 hormones are produced by the Cortex Adrenal glands?

A
  1. Androgens
  2. Aldosterone
  3. Cortisol
22
Q

What is the hormone Androgen?

A

male sex hormone

23
Q

What does the hormone Aldosterone do?

A

controls the balance of water and salts in the kidney

24
Q

What does the hormone Cortisol do?

A

“stress hormone” - increases glucose in the blood

25
Q

Where is the Pancreas located?

A

Upper abdomen

26
Q

What 2 hormones does the Pancreas produce and what do they do?

A
  1. insulin
  2. glucagon
    both hormones allow cells to absorb bloog glucose, which lowers blood sugar
27
Q

Where are the Testes located?

A

Inside the scrotum

28
Q

What hormone is produced by the testes and what is it?

A

Testosterone - male sex hormone

29
Q

Where are the ovaries located?

A

lower abdomen

30
Q

What 2 hormones are produced by the ovaries and what do they do?

A
  1. estrogen - female sex hormone
  2. progesterone - helps maintain pregnancy (prepares endometrium for fetus)
31
Q

what are the 3 main conditions of the endocrine system?

A
  1. hypo/hyper secretion - the gland produces too much or too little of the hormone
  2. circulatory issues - prevents the hormone from reaching the target organ as intended
  3. failing organ receptors - the organ cannot interpret the hormones message

HESI (6 decks)

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