Endocrine system Flashcards

1
Q

Which system works along with the nervous system?

A

The endocrine system.

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2
Q

What does the endocrine system do?

A

Controls vital functions in the body.

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3
Q

How fast does the endocrine system work?

A

Much more slowly than the nervous system but has very widespread and powerful effects.

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4
Q

Gland.

A

An organ in the body that synthesis substances such as hormones.

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5
Q

Hormones.

A

Chemical substances that circulate in the bloodstream and only affect target organs. Produced in large quantities but disappear quickly. Very powerful effects.

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6
Q

Main endocrine gland.

A

Pituitary (master) gland, located in the brain.

Controls the release of hormones from all other endocrine glands in the body.

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7
Q

Flight or flight response.

A

The way an animal responds when stressed; the body becomes physiologically aroused in readiness to fight an aggressor or, in some cases, flee.

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8
Q

What happens when a stressor is perceived?

A

A part of the hypothalamus triggers activity in the sympathetic branch of the ANS.

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9
Q

The ANS changes from…

A

its resting state (parasympathetic) to the physiologically aroused (sympathetic) state.

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10
Q

What happens when the body enters the sympathetic state?

A

The stress hormone adrenaline is released from the adrenal medulla into the bloodstream.

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11
Q

Adrenaline triggers…

A

physiological changes in the body which creates the physiological arousal necessary for the flight or fight response.

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12
Q

Why is the flight or fight response called an acute response?

A

All happens in an instant as soon as the threat is detected and is an automatic reaction in the body.

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13
Q

Once the threat has passed,…

A

the parasympathetic nervous system returns the body to its resting state.

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14
Q

Which 2 systems work in opposition?

A

The parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous system - its actions are antagonistic to each other.

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15
Q

Why is the parasympathetic system considered a brake?

A

It reduces the activities of the body that were increased by the actions of the sympathetic branch.

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