Endocrine System Flashcards
Clinical manifestations of hypopititarism
Hypogonadism Amenorrhea Infertility Decreased growth hormones results in dwarfism Hypothyroidism Hypoadrenalism SIADH Dilutional hyponatremia
Clinical manifestations of hyperpituitarism
Excess ACTH causes weight gain with concurrent growth failure
Excess GH causes Mild to moderate obesity Gigantism Macrocephaly Coarse facial features Cardiovascular disease Hypertension Tumor Diabetes Hypogonadism
Nursing intervention after surgery to remove pituitary tumor
Assess client for signs of diabetes insipidus.
Removal of the pituitary tumor may injure the posterior pituitary glands and decrease antidiuretic hormone secretion resulting in extreme fluid loss
Clinical manifestations of hypothyroidism
Constipation Cold intolerance Fatigue Heavy menstrual period Joint and muscle pain Pale dry skin Depression Brittle hair and nails Weight gain
Treatment of hypothyroidism and complications
Lifelong synthetic thyroid hormone
Myxedema coma management will include mechanical ventilation, treatment of the associated infection, correct hypothermia, and IV thyroid hormone replacement
Clinical manifestations of Hyperthyroidism or Grave’s disease
Fatigue Weight loss Diarrhea Goiter Heat intolerance Exophthalmus Tachycardia Palpitations Restlessness Thin brittle hair Irregular menstruations Insomnia
Treatment of hyperthyroidism
Sodium 131
Methimazole
Antithyroid agents propylthiouracil (PTU)
Post thyroidectomy care
Close monitoring for hemorrhage airway obstruction, tetany ( hypocalcemia)
Have O2 suction equipment and an emergency tracheostomy tray
Clinical manifestations of hypoparathyroidism
Leads to hypocalcemia Neuromuscular irritability Muscle weakness or cramping Personality changes Numbness of finger Tetany Laryngospasm Seizure Abdominal cramping
Treatment of hypoparathyroism
Calcium replacement therapy
Vitamin D
Calcium rich, low phosphorus diet
Clinical manifestations of hyperparathyroidism
Leads to hypercalcemia Constipation Nausea and vomiting Bone pain Demineralization Pathologic fracture Kidney stone Blurred vision due to cataract Depression
Nursing interventions for hyperparathyroidism
Monitor for signs and symptoms of hypercalcemia and hypophosphatemia such as depressed reflexes, weakness, seizures, hypertension N&V, and confusion
Monitor for laryngeal damage ( change in voice/ hoarseness)
Monitor renal involvement
