Endocrine / Reproductive

Question 1

T1 Diabetes

Answer 1

Destruction of pancreatic B-Cells by an autoimmune process

Question 1

T2 Diabetes in children

Answer 1

Insulin resistance follows later by B-cell failure

Question 2

Causes of diabetes

Answer 2

Maturity onset
Drugs - corticosteroid
Pancreatic insufficiency - CF
Endocrine disorders - Cushing
Genetic or chromosomal syndromes
Gestational diabetes

Question 3

Stages of development diabetes

Answer 3

Genes
Environment
Trigger
Autoimmune islet cell destruction
Honeymoon period on treatment
Normal levels

Question 4

Signs and symptoms of diabetes

Answer 4

Excessive drinking
Polyuria
Weight loss

Eneuresis
Skin Sepsis
Candida and other infections

Question 5

Diabetic ketoacidosis symptoms

Answer 5

Smell of acetone on breath
Vomiting
Dehydration
Abdominal pain
Hyperventilation due to acidosis
Hypovolaemic shock
Drowsiness
Coma and death

Question 6

Peaks of presentation of T1DM

Answer 6

spring and autumn
Only a few weeks of polyuria

Question 7

Ix of T1DM

Answer 7

Raised random blood glucose (11.1 mol/L)
Glycosuria
Ketosis

Fasting blood glucose (>7mmol/L)

Raised glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c)