Endocrine Physiology

Question 1

contrast the transportation of water soluble and lipid soluble hormones.

Answer 1

water soluble hormones do not usually require a transport carrier.
lipid soluble hormones need a second messenger to transport themselves.

Question 2

explain feedback mechanisms to control the release of hormones.

Answer 2

both negative and positive feedback systems.

negative feedback: when physiologic sensors detect a decrease in hormone levels, they initiate changes that cause an increase in hormone production. When the hormone levels rise, the production and release of hormones decreases.

positive feedback: rising levels of a hormone cause another gland to release a hormone that is stimulating to the first.

Question 3

describe the hypothalamic-anterior pituitary-target organ axis.

Answer 3

Among the target organs that constitute the hypothalamic-pituitary-target organ axis are the thyroid, the adrenal glands, and the gonads.

TSH is produced in the thyroid gland.
ACTH is produced in the thyroid gland.

Question 4

explain the roles of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH).

Answer 4

TSH: stimulates synthesis and secretion of thyroid hormones.

ACTH: stimulates synthesis and secretion of adrenal cortical hormones.