Endocrine pathology

Question 1

Define autocrine signalling

Answer 1

A cell responds to signals produced by itself

Question 2

Define paracrine signalling

Answer 2

One cell produces signals which act on neighbouring cells

Question 3

Define endocrine signalling

Answer 3

An endocrine gland produces hormones which enter circulation and have an effect on distant target cells

Question 4

Define primary hypofunction

Answer 4

Loss of secretory cells/defect in biochemical pathway which leads to a decrease in trophic hormone production

Question 5

Define secondary hypofunction

Answer 5

Destructive lesion in tissue causes a decrease in trophic hormone production and decreased activity in target organ

Question 6

Define primary hyperfunction

Answer 6

Abnormal cells produce hormone too fast for the bodies requirements

Question 7

Define secondary hyperfunction

Answer 7

Abnormal cells in one organ produce too much trophic hormone which causes increased activity in the target organ

Question 8

List the mechanisms of endocrine disease

Answer 8

1. Hypofunction
2. Hyperfunction
3. Neoplasia
4. Target cell receptor dysfunction
5. Abnormal hormone degradation