Endocrine pathology Flashcards
Name the 2 classes of drugs used to treat acromegaly
Somatostatin analogues
D2 agonists
Name 2 somatostatin analogues used to treat acromegaly
Octreotide, lanreotide
Name 2 D2 agonists used to treat acromegaly
Bromocriptine, cabergoline
What is octreotide?
A somatostatin analogue used to treat acromegaly
What is cabergoline? Name another in that class
D2 agonist used to treat acromegaly
Bromocriptine
What test is used to diagnose acromegaly?
Glucose tolerance test
What test is used to diagnose diabetes insipidus?
Water deprivation- will still produce dilute urine
How is SIADH diagnosed?
High urine [Na+] and low plasma osmolality
Name 3 drug treatments of hyperthyroidism
Carbimazole (anti-thyroid)
Propranolol (B-blocker to treat symptoms)
Warfarin (anticoagulant due to AF)
Treatment of hypothyroidism?
Iodine (if deficient)
Thyroxine and monitor
Treatment of hypercalcaemia?
Cinacalet (binds to Ca2+ receptors)
Treatment of prolactinoma?
D2 agonist, bromocriptine
Treatment of Conn’s?
Spironolactone (K+ sparing diuretic, anti aldosterone)
Or adrenalectomy if bilateral
Treatment of Addison’s?
Hydrocortisone (cortisol replacement)
Fludrocortisone (aldosterone replacement)
DHEA replacement?
Diagnostic test for Addison’s?
Antibodies to adrenal cortex/21-hydroxylase
Blood test for hypercalcaemia, hypoglycaemia etc
ACTH stimulation test
Treatment of Cushing’s?
Anti-cortisols: Metyrapone, ketoconazole, mitotane
Diagnostic tests for Cushing’s syndrome?
Dexamethasone suppression test and measure cortisol and ACTH the next morning
Baseline cortisol (urine, saliva)
Petrosal sinus sampling
Diagnostic test for phaeochromocytoma?
Clonidine suppression test
Spikes of adrenaline and NA recorded
Treatment of phaeochromocytoma?
Alpha blocker- Phenoxybenzamine
B-blocker- Propranolol
