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Phar 214 > Endocrine Notes > Flashcards

Endocrine Notes Flashcards

1
Q

What is the Endocrine system

A

collection of glands located throughout the body which assists in hormone homeostasis

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2
Q

What is Homeostasis

A

maintenance of a steady state in the processes of the body

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3
Q

What glands are present in the endocrine system

A
  1. Pituitary gland
  2. Thyroid Gland
  3. Adrenal Gland
  4. Gonad
  5. Pancreas
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4
Q

What is the function of the Pituitary gland

A

The pituitary is the master gland. It produces hormones and stimulates production/ release of others

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5
Q

Where is the Pituitary gland located

A

Base of Brain

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6
Q

Which hormones are secreted by the Pituitary gland

A

GH
TSH
ACTH
FSH and LH

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7
Q

What is GH and what does it do?

A

Growth Hormone.

It is in charge of bone health, body cells and growth in general

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8
Q

What is TSH

A

Thyroid stimulating hormone.

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9
Q

What is ACTH? and what does it do?

A

Adrenocorticotrophic (adrenal glands)

Stimulates the adrenal glands

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10
Q

What is FSH and what does it do?

A

Follicle stimulating hormone- estrogen in ovary and maturing of sperm in males

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11
Q

What is LH and what does it do?

A

Lutenizing hormone- progesterone production

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12
Q

What is a medical condition which is affected by a overactive pituitary gland

A

Giantism

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13
Q

Where is the Thyroid gland located?

A

Neck

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14
Q

What is the function of the thyroid

A

Regulation of Metabolism

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15
Q

What hormones are secreted by the thyroid

A

Thyroxine

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16
Q

What is the abbreviation for thyroxine

A

T4 also T3 (triiodothyronine)

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17
Q

What is hyperthyroidism

A

The thyroid is working too hard

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18
Q

What is Hypothyrodism

A

The thyroid is not working hard enough

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19
Q

Are drugs for Hyper and hypothyroidism interchangeable

A

no

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20
Q

What are two symptoms of hyperthyroidism

A

muscle weakness

weight loss

21
Q

What are two symptoms of hypothyroidism

A

poor appetite

cold intolerance

22
Q

Where is the Adrenal gland located

A

Top of kidneys

23
Q

What is the function of the adrenal glands

A

reduces inflammation and regulates mineral and H2O

24
Q

What hormones are secreted by the Adrenal Gland

A

Glucocorticoids

25
Q

What does Glucocorticoids do?

A

Work on inflammation

26
Q

What diseases are present when the adrenal gland is not functioning properly

A
  1. Addison’s (deficiency)
  2. Cushing’s Cortisol deficiency
  3. Hyperaldosteronism- aldosterone(excess)
27
Q

What are Corticosteroids

A

Natural hormone formed in the adrenal gland

28
Q

What hormones are secreted from the ovaries

A

Estrogen and progesterone

29
Q

What are the function of the gonads

A

Responsible for sexual reproduction and physical development

30
Q

What medical conditions are associated with gonads

A
  1. Fertility
  2. Menopause
  3. Osteoporosis
31
Q

What cycles are BCP available in

A

21 days and 28 days

32
Q

What is Endometriosis

A

tissue looks and acts like uterus lining grows outside of uterus

33
Q

What does progesterone help women with

A

Bone density

34
Q

What are some symptoms of Menopause

A

Hot flashes and osteoporosis

The cause is less estrogen and progesterone

35
Q

What is osteoporosis

A

Strength and density of bone decrease.

36
Q

Who is generally affected by Osteoporosis

A

Mainly women

37
Q

What hormone is produced in the male Gonads

A

Testosterone

38
Q

What is the function of Male gonads

A

sexual organ and physical development

39
Q

What is the function of the Pancreas

A

Regulate blood sugar levels

40
Q

What hormone is secreted by the pancreas

A

Insulin

41
Q

What medical condition is affected by the pancreas

A

Diabetes mellitus

42
Q

Where is the pancreas located

A

below stomach

43
Q

What is Diabetes Mellitus

A

Hyperglycemia due to impaired insulin secretion and/or effectiveness

44
Q

What are some complications of Diabetes mellitus

A 
Ketoacidosis
retinopathy
nephropathy
neuropathy
increased risk of heart disease
45
Q

What are some causes of Diabetes Mellitus

A

lifestyle, environmental, genetic

46
Q

what are the different types of diabetes

A

Type 1 insulin dependent

Type 2 non insulin dependent

47
Q

what are some signs of Diabetes

A
  1. increased thirst and urination
  2. blurred vision
  3. Skin infections that take long to heal
  4. weight loss despite increased food intake
  5. may lead to diabetic ketoacidosis and coma
48
Q

what is the feedback loop for insulin

A

secreted by b-cells with caloric intake

49
Q

What does insulin do

A

transports glucose from blood to cells

Phar 214 (6 decks)

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