Endocrine Insulin Meds and more Flashcards
What are the cons of metformin?
mixes up your body
lactic acidosis
n/v/d
metallic taste
What type of DM does metformin treat?
type 2
What is an important nursing consideration for metformin?
never give to pt with severe renal imapirment GFR<30mL/min
What do we teach patients on metformin?
Stop at least 48hrs before surgery and IV contrast
What type DM is sitagliptin?
Type 2 DM
What are the cons of sitagliptin?
can’t use it with what disorders??
may not be suitable for pts with
kidney disease
heart failure
gallstones
What are some considerations for sitagliptin?
What should we check on before hand?
Assess renal function before therapy and after
What are some pros of dulaglutide?
its such a dude for your heart
Reduce risk of CVA, MI, stroke, death
What type of DM is glyburide used for?
type 2
What are some cons of glyburide?
From these issues you can’t hide
weight gain
not ideal for kindey or liver disease
can increase liver enzymes, BUN, and bilirubin
What are the pros of glyburide?
think outside the body
affordable
effective glucose management
oral med
good for type 2
What are some nursing considerations for glyburide?
glyburide is your guy because it helps when-
during periods of stress, infection, fever surgery, and trauma, may need insulin therapy
What is a black box warning for glipzide?
Risk for cardiovascular mortality
What do we teach patients on glipzide?
Avoid something that can raise glucose
avoid drinking alcohol while taking
What are the pros of jardiance (empaglifflozin)
It shows empathy to you how?
unlikely to cause weight gain
reduce risk of cardiovasc. death
lowers A1C
take once a day
What are the cons of jardiance (empaglifflozin)?
jumbles a certain body system
UTI risk
genital yeast infection
potential for dehydration
What are the cons to pioglitazone?
Harsh on a certain organ
Hepatotoxic
What do we teach patients on pioglitazone?
Lots of things fill up this ZONE
may experience
edema
rapid weight gain
shortness of breath
increased fatigue
CHF
can make HF worse
What type of diabetes does pioglitazone treat?
type 2
What do we teach patients on dapagliflozin (farxiga)?
The D is important
Do NOT double up after missed dose
What type DM does dapagliflozin treat?
type 2
What are the pros for regular insulin? (humulin R/novolog R)
can be given IV (THE ONLY ONE)
What are nursing considerations for regular insulin?
How do we administer? What can this cause?
hypokalemai
When mixing
air to cloudy
air to clear
draw clear
draw cloudy
What type of DM is regular insulin good for?
1 and 2
What type of DM is NPH (intermediate) best for?
type 1
What are some nursing considerations for NPH?
What would you tell the patient?
have a snack at bedtime due to long duration
What are some pros of dapagliflozin?
prevents a worsening DISEASE, and other DIAGNOSES
reduce risk of worsening kidney disease
reduce risk of HF, DM2, and other heart disease
What are some considerations for pts on dapagliflozin?
What do we assess and monitor for? lots of fluids invovled
assess kidney function
assess hydration
monitor for infection
monitor for hypotension
Which form of DM is best for dapagliflozin?
Type 2
Which form of DM is glargine (lantus) best for?
type 1 (type 2 can use it)
What is the onset of galrgine (lantus)?
1-2hrs
When is the peak of glargine?
there is no peak
How long does glargine last?
up to 24hrs
what are the pros of terzapatide/monjaro
Good for keeping you tiny
weight loss
reduced risk of obesity complications
decrease in overeating
What are the cons of terzapatide?
Terrible for some guts
pancreatitis
GI upset
kidney damage
expensive
when does rapid acting insulin take action?
10-20min
When does rapid acting insulin peak?
1-3hrs
How long does rapid acting insulin last?
3-5hrs
What type of DM is linagliptin best for?
ONLY TYPE 2
When is the onset of intermediate acting insulin?
1-2hrs
When does inter insulin peak?
4-12hrs
How long does inter insulin last?
12-16
What do we teach patients about how to administer insulin glargine?
Rotate sites to prvent lipodystrophy
What is lipdystrophy?
lose fat from some parts of body while gaining in others
What are some adverse effects of levothyroxine?
tachycardia, palpitations, arrhythmias, HTN, diarrhea, HF
What are some cautions of use with levothyroxine?
CV disorders
renal impairment
How is levothyroxine best taken?
empty stomach same time each day
What are some adverse reactions of corticosteroids?
Development of DM type 2
Osteoporosis
PUD
Muscle wasting
Poor wound healing
Redistribution of body fat
With large exogenous doses ACTH and
endogenous glucocorticoids are inhibited which
can lead to atrophy of the adrenal cortex.
If exogenous glucocorticoids are stopped
abruptly, adrenal insufficiency may occur.
What are contraindications for corticosteroids?
having a current infection
What do we teach patients using corticosteroids?
avoid sick people
do not stop med suddenly
take with food to prevent upset tummy
What are some nursing considerations regarding corticosteroids?
What do we monitor for?
monitor for infection (immunosuppressed)
monitor blood glucose level
