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Med Surg II > Endocrine Insulin Meds and more > Flashcards

Endocrine Insulin Meds and more Flashcards

1
Q

What are the cons of metformin?

mixes up your body

A

lactic acidosis
n/v/d
metallic taste

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2
Q

What type of DM does metformin treat?

A

type 2

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3
Q

What is an important nursing consideration for metformin?

A

never give to pt with severe renal imapirment GFR<30mL/min

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4
Q

What do we teach patients on metformin?

A

Stop at least 48hrs before surgery and IV contrast

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5
Q

What type DM is sitagliptin?

A

Type 2 DM

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6
Q

What are the cons of sitagliptin?

can’t use it with what disorders??

A

may not be suitable for pts with
kidney disease
heart failure
gallstones

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7
Q

What are some considerations for sitagliptin?

What should we check on before hand?

A

Assess renal function before therapy and after

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8
Q

What are some pros of dulaglutide?

its such a dude for your heart

A

Reduce risk of CVA, MI, stroke, death

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9
Q

What type of DM is glyburide used for?

A

type 2

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10
Q

What are some cons of glyburide?

From these issues you can’t hide

A

weight gain
not ideal for kindey or liver disease
can increase liver enzymes, BUN, and bilirubin

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11
Q

What are the pros of glyburide?

think outside the body

A

affordable
effective glucose management
oral med
good for type 2

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12
Q

What are some nursing considerations for glyburide?

glyburide is your guy because it helps when-

A

during periods of stress, infection, fever surgery, and trauma, may need insulin therapy

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13
Q

What is a black box warning for glipzide?

A

Risk for cardiovascular mortality

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14
Q

What do we teach patients on glipzide?

Avoid something that can raise glucose

A

avoid drinking alcohol while taking

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15
Q

What are the pros of jardiance (empaglifflozin)

It shows empathy to you how?

A

unlikely to cause weight gain
reduce risk of cardiovasc. death
lowers A1C
take once a day

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16
Q

What are the cons of jardiance (empaglifflozin)?

jumbles a certain body system

A

UTI risk
genital yeast infection
potential for dehydration

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17
Q

What are the cons to pioglitazone?

Harsh on a certain organ

A

Hepatotoxic

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18
Q

What do we teach patients on pioglitazone?

Lots of things fill up this ZONE

A

may experience
edema
rapid weight gain
shortness of breath
increased fatigue
CHF
can make HF worse

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19
Q

What type of diabetes does pioglitazone treat?

A

type 2

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20
Q

What do we teach patients on dapagliflozin (farxiga)?

The D is important

A

Do NOT double up after missed dose

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21
Q

What type DM does dapagliflozin treat?

A

type 2

22
Q

What are the pros for regular insulin? (humulin R/novolog R)

A

can be given IV (THE ONLY ONE)

23
Q

What are nursing considerations for regular insulin?

How do we administer? What can this cause?

A

hypokalemai
When mixing
air to cloudy
air to clear
draw clear
draw cloudy

24
Q

What type of DM is regular insulin good for?

A

1 and 2

25
Q

What type of DM is NPH (intermediate) best for?

A

type 1

26
Q

What are some nursing considerations for NPH?

What would you tell the patient?

A

have a snack at bedtime due to long duration

27
Q

What are some pros of dapagliflozin?

prevents a worsening DISEASE, and other DIAGNOSES

A

reduce risk of worsening kidney disease
reduce risk of HF, DM2, and other heart disease

28
Q

What are some considerations for pts on dapagliflozin?

What do we assess and monitor for? lots of fluids invovled

A

assess kidney function
assess hydration
monitor for infection
monitor for hypotension

29
Q

Which form of DM is best for dapagliflozin?

A

Type 2

30
Q

Which form of DM is glargine (lantus) best for?

A

type 1 (type 2 can use it)

31
Q

What is the onset of galrgine (lantus)?

A

1-2hrs

32
Q

When is the peak of glargine?

A

there is no peak

33
Q

How long does glargine last?

A

up to 24hrs

34
Q

what are the pros of terzapatide/monjaro

Good for keeping you tiny

A

weight loss
reduced risk of obesity complications
decrease in overeating

35
Q

What are the cons of terzapatide?

Terrible for some guts

A

pancreatitis
GI upset
kidney damage
expensive

36
Q

when does rapid acting insulin take action?

A

10-20min

37
Q

When does rapid acting insulin peak?

A

1-3hrs

38
Q

How long does rapid acting insulin last?

A

3-5hrs

39
Q

What type of DM is linagliptin best for?

A

ONLY TYPE 2

40
Q

When is the onset of intermediate acting insulin?

A

1-2hrs

41
Q

When does inter insulin peak?

A

4-12hrs

42
Q

How long does inter insulin last?

A

12-16

43
Q

What do we teach patients about how to administer insulin glargine?

A

Rotate sites to prvent lipodystrophy

44
Q

What is lipdystrophy?

A

lose fat from some parts of body while gaining in others

45
Q

What are some adverse effects of levothyroxine?

A

tachycardia, palpitations, arrhythmias, HTN, diarrhea, HF

46
Q

What are some cautions of use with levothyroxine?

A

CV disorders
renal impairment

47
Q

How is levothyroxine best taken?

A

empty stomach same time each day

48
Q

What are some adverse reactions of corticosteroids?

A

Development of DM type 2
 Osteoporosis
 PUD
 Muscle wasting
 Poor wound healing
 Redistribution of body fat
 With large exogenous doses ACTH and
endogenous glucocorticoids are inhibited which
can lead to atrophy of the adrenal cortex.
 If exogenous glucocorticoids are stopped
abruptly, adrenal insufficiency may occur.

49
Q

What are contraindications for corticosteroids?

A

having a current infection

50
Q

What do we teach patients using corticosteroids?

A

avoid sick people
do not stop med suddenly
take with food to prevent upset tummy

51
Q

What are some nursing considerations regarding corticosteroids?

What do we monitor for?

A

monitor for infection (immunosuppressed)
monitor blood glucose level

Med Surg II (3 decks)

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