Endocrine Insulin Meds and more Flashcards by John Ross Robertson

What are the cons of metformin?

mixes up your body

lactic acidosis
n/v/d
metallic taste

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What type of DM does metformin treat?

type 2

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What is an important nursing consideration for metformin?

never give to pt with severe renal imapirment GFR<30mL/min

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What do we teach patients on metformin?

Stop at least 48hrs before surgery and IV contrast

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What type DM is sitagliptin?

Type 2 DM

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What are the cons of sitagliptin?

can’t use it with what disorders??

may not be suitable for pts with
kidney disease
heart failure
gallstones

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What are some considerations for sitagliptin?

What should we check on before hand?

Assess renal function before therapy and after

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What are some pros of dulaglutide?

its such a dude for your heart

Reduce risk of CVA, MI, stroke, death

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What type of DM is glyburide used for?

type 2

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What are some cons of glyburide?

From these issues you can’t hide

weight gain
not ideal for kindey or liver disease
can increase liver enzymes, BUN, and bilirubin

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What are the pros of glyburide?

think outside the body

affordable
effective glucose management
oral med
good for type 2

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What are some nursing considerations for glyburide?

glyburide is your guy because it helps when-

during periods of stress, infection, fever surgery, and trauma, may need insulin therapy

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What is a black box warning for glipzide?

Risk for cardiovascular mortality

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What do we teach patients on glipzide?

Avoid something that can raise glucose

avoid drinking alcohol while taking

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What are the pros of jardiance (empaglifflozin)

It shows empathy to you how?

unlikely to cause weight gain
reduce risk of cardiovasc. death
lowers A1C
take once a day

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What are the cons of jardiance (empaglifflozin)?

jumbles a certain body system

UTI risk
genital yeast infection
potential for dehydration

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What are the cons to pioglitazone?

Harsh on a certain organ

Hepatotoxic

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What do we teach patients on pioglitazone?

Lots of things fill up this ZONE

may experience
edema
rapid weight gain
shortness of breath
increased fatigue
CHF
can make HF worse

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What type of diabetes does pioglitazone treat?

type 2

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What do we teach patients on dapagliflozin (farxiga)?

The D is important

Do NOT double up after missed dose

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What type DM does dapagliflozin treat?

type 2

What are the pros for regular insulin? (humulin R/novolog R)

can be given IV (THE ONLY ONE)

What are nursing considerations for regular insulin?

How do we administer? What can this cause?

hypokalemai
When mixing
air to cloudy
air to clear
draw clear
draw cloudy

What type of DM is regular insulin good for?

1 and 2

What type of DM is NPH (intermediate) best for?

type 1

What are some nursing considerations for NPH? | What would you tell the patient?

have a snack at bedtime due to long duration

What are some pros of dapagliflozin? | prevents a worsening DISEASE, and other DIAGNOSES

reduce risk of worsening kidney disease reduce risk of HF, DM2, and other heart disease

What are some considerations for pts on dapagliflozin? | What do we assess and monitor for? lots of fluids invovled

assess kidney function assess hydration monitor for infection monitor for hypotension

Which form of DM is best for dapagliflozin?

Type 2

Which form of DM is glargine (lantus) best for?

type 1 (type 2 can use it)

What is the onset of galrgine (lantus)?

1-2hrs

When is the peak of glargine?

there is no peak

How long does glargine last?

up to 24hrs

what are the pros of terzapatide/monjaro | Good for keeping you tiny

weight loss reduced risk of obesity complications decrease in overeating

What are the cons of terzapatide? | Terrible for some guts

pancreatitis GI upset kidney damage expensive

when does rapid acting insulin take action?

10-20min

When does rapid acting insulin peak?

1-3hrs

How long does rapid acting insulin last?

3-5hrs

What type of DM is linagliptin best for?

ONLY TYPE 2

When is the onset of intermediate acting insulin?

1-2hrs

When does inter insulin peak?

4-12hrs

How long does inter insulin last?

12-16

What do we teach patients about how to administer insulin glargine?

Rotate sites to prvent lipodystrophy

What is lipdystrophy?

lose fat from some parts of body while gaining in others

What are some adverse effects of levothyroxine?

tachycardia, palpitations, arrhythmias, HTN, diarrhea, HF

What are some cautions of use with levothyroxine?

CV disorders renal impairment

How is levothyroxine best taken?

empty stomach same time each day

What are some adverse reactions of corticosteroids?

Development of DM type 2  Osteoporosis  PUD  Muscle wasting  Poor wound healing  Redistribution of body fat  With large exogenous doses ACTH and endogenous glucocorticoids are inhibited which can lead to atrophy of the adrenal cortex.  If exogenous glucocorticoids are stopped abruptly, adrenal insufficiency may occur.

What are contraindications for corticosteroids?

having a current infection

What do we teach patients using corticosteroids?

avoid sick people do not stop med suddenly take with food to prevent upset tummy

What are some nursing considerations regarding corticosteroids? | What do we monitor for?

monitor for infection (immunosuppressed) monitor blood glucose level