Endocrine, Hormones, Gastrointestinal Flashcards
Diabetes Medicines
How they work: Modify the body’s
production of, response
to, or replace insulin
What they are used for: treat diabetes
Drug classes: Biguanides
•Sulfonylureas
•Thiazolidinediones
•DPP-4 Inhibitors
•GLP-1 Receptor Agonists
•SGLT-2 Inhibitors
•Insulin
Side Effects: Low blood glucose
•Weight or appetite
changes
Biguanides
Common Indicators: diabetes
Side Effect: lactic acidosis
Drugs:
Glucophage (metformin)
Sulfonylureas gl-ide
Treat Diabetes
Side Effect: hypoglycemia, weight gain
Drugs: Glucotrol (glipizide)
Amaryl (glimepiride)
Glynase (glyburide)
Thiazolidinediones
-Glitazone
Treat diabetes
Side effects fluid retention
Drugs:
Actos (pioglitazone)
Avandia (rosiglitazone)
DPP-4 Inhibitors
-gliptin
Treat Diabetes
Drugs:
Nesina (alogliptin)
Tradjenta (linagliptin)
Onglyza (saxagliptin)
Januvia (sitagliptin)
GLP-1 Receptor Agonists
-tide
Treat diabetes
Drugs:
Byetta (exenatide)
Victoza (liraglutide)
SGLT-2 Inhibitors
Treat diabetes
Drugs:
Invokana (canagliflozin)
Farxiga (dapagliflozin)
Jardiance (empagliflozin
Glinides
Treat Diabetes
Drugs:
Starlix (nateglinide)
Prandin (repaglinide)
Insulin
Treat Diabetes
Side effects: Hypoglycemia
Weight gain
Drugs:
NovoLOG (insulin aspart)
HumaLOG (insulin lispro)
HumuLIN (regular insulin)
Lantus (insulin glargine)
Levemir (insulin detemir)
Thyroid Hormone Replacement Drugs
Treat hypothyroidism
Require close
monitoring of thyroid
levels to ensure safety
and efficacy
Drugs:
Synthroid (levothyroxine)
Armour Thyroid (thyroid)
Contraceptive
Birth control
Side effects Breakthrough bleeding
Blood clots
Drugs:
Ethynyl Estradiol/Desogestrel
Ethynyl Estradiol/Drospirenone
Ethynyl Estradiol/Etonogestrel
Ethinyl Estradiol/Levonorgestrel
Ethinyl Estradiol/Norethindrone
Ethinyl Estradiol/Norgestimate
Norethindrone
Other Female Hormones
Manage signs and
symptoms of
menopause
Or use as a fertility
agent (progesterone)
Side effects: Increased risk of clots
and certain cancers
Estrace (estradiol)
Prometrium (progesterone)
Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs)
Treat Gastroesophageal
Reflux Disease (GERD)
Side effects Electrolyte and vitamin deficiencies
Possible link to certain
infections
Drugs:
Dexilant (dexlansoprazole)
Nexium (esomeprazole)
Prevacid (lansoprazole)
Prilosec (omeprazole)
Aciphex (rabeprazole)
Histamine-2 (H2)-Receptor Blockers
Treat GERD
Tagamet (cimetidine)
Pepcid (famotidine)
Zantac (ranitidine –
removed from market in 2019)
5-HT3 Antagonists
Treat Nausea and Vomit
Side effects Cardiac arrhythmia
Druggs:
Zofran (ondansetron)
Aloxi (palonosetron)
