endocrine hormones

Question 1

what hormones are secreted by the posterior pituitary gland?

Answer 1

oxytocin, antidiretic (ADH)

Question 2

oxytocin

what does it do, what’s its target organ, where does it come from?

Answer 2

target: uterine & mammary gland
function: uterine contraction, milk “let down”

posterior pituitary

Question 3

antidiretic hormone (ADH)

what does it do, what’s its target organ, where does it come from?

Answer 3

target: kidney
function: water retention

posterior pituitary

Question 4

follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)

what does it do, what’s its target organ, where does it come from?

Answer 4

target: gonads
function: stimulates growth of ovarian follicle; sperm producion

anterior pituitary

Question 5

luteinizing hormone (LH)

what does it do, what’s its target organ, where does it come from?

Answer 5

target: gonads
function: stimulates production of hormones

anterior pituitary

Question 6

adrenocorticotropic (ACTH)

what does it do, what’s its target organ, where does it come from?

Answer 6

target: adrenal cortex
function: stimulates production of corticosteroids

anterior pituitary

Question 7

thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)

what does it do, what’s its target organ, where does it come from?

Answer 7

target: thyroid
function: stimulates production of thyroid hormone

anterior pituitary

Question 8

prolactin

what does it do, what’s its target organ, where does it come from?

Answer 8

target: mammary glands
function: milk production

anterior pituitary

Question 9

growth hormone (GH)

what does it do, what’s its target organ, where does it come from?

Answer 9

target: skeletal muscle, bone, fat, etc
function: stimulates growth and metabolism

anterior pituitary

Question 10

melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH)

what does it do, what’s its target organ, where does it come from?

Answer 10

target: melanocytes of epidermis
function: stimulates production of melanin

anterior pituitary

Question 11

what does the anterior pituitary gland secrete?

Answer 11

FSH, LH, ACTH, TSH, prolactin, GH, MSH

Question 12

melatonin

what does it do, what’s its target organ, where does it come from?

Answer 12

target: brain
function: circadian rhythm

pineal gland

Question 13

what does the pineal gland secrete?

Answer 13

melatonin

Question 14

T3 & T4

what does it do, what’s its target organ, where does it come from?

Answer 14

target: body cells
function: increases metabolism

thyroid

Question 15

calcitonin

what does it do, what’s its target organ, where does it come from?

Answer 15

target: bones
function: decrease blood calcium

thyroid

Question 16

what does the thyroid gland secrete?

Answer 16

T3 & T4, calcitonin

Question 17

parathyroid hormone

what does it do, what’s its target organ, where does it come from?

Answer 17

target: bones
function: increase blood calcium

parathyroid gland

Question 18

thymopoietin & thymosin

what does it do, what’s its target organ, where does it come from?

Answer 18

target: thymus
function: stimulates T-cell maturation

thymus

(t-lymphocytes– type of immune cell)

Question 19

what does the thymus secrete?

Answer 19

thymopoietin and thymosin

Question 20

aldosterone

what does it do, what’s its target organ, where does it come from?

Answer 20

target: kidney
function: water and salt retention

adrenal cortex

Question 21

cortisol

what does it do, what’s its target organ, where does it come from?

Answer 21

target: liver
function: responds to stress

adrenal cortex

Question 22

what does the adrenal cortex secrete?

Answer 22

aldosterone, cortisol

Question 23

epinephrine & norepinephrine

what does it do, what’s its target organ, where does it come from?

Answer 23

target: body cells
function: enhance sympathetic nervous system response

adrenal medulla

Question 24

what does the adrenal medulla secrete?

Answer 24

epinephrine and norepinephrine

Question 25

glucagon

what does it do, what’s its target organ, where does it come from?

Answer 25

target: body cell, liver
function: increase blood glucose

pancreas

Question 26

insulin

what does it do, what’s its target organ, where does it come from?

Answer 26

target: body cells
function: decrease blood glucose

pancreas

Question 27

what does the pancreas secrete?

Answer 27

glucagon, insulin

Question 28

estrogen

what does it do, what’s its target organ, where does it come from?

Answer 28

target organ: ovary, uterus, mammary glands
function: maturation of follicles, develop femal reproductive structures

ovary

Question 29

progesterone

what does it do, what’s its target organ, where does it come from?

Answer 29

target: uterus
function: stimulates growth of uterine lining

ovary

Question 30

what does the ovary secrete?

Answer 30

estrogen, progesterone

Question 31

testosterone

what does it do, what’s its target organ, where does it come from?

Answer 31

target: testis, prostate
function: produce sperm, develop male reproductive structures

testis

Question 32

renin

what does it do, what’s its target organ, where does it come from?

Answer 32

target: liver (angiotensinogen)
function: stimulates formation fo angiotensin

kidney

Question 33

atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)

what does it do, what’s its target organ, where does it come from?

Answer 33

target: kidney
function: increase in sodium and water loss

heart

(opposite function of renin)

Question 34

what does the heart secrete?

Answer 34

atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)