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Histology Summer semester > Endocrine glands (Lesson 5) > Flashcards

Endocrine glands (Lesson 5) Flashcards

1
Q

What are the endocrine glands (organs)?

A

Hypophysis

Epiphysis

Thyroid gland

Parathyroid glands

Adrenal grlands

Pancreas (Islets of Langerhans)

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2
Q

What is this slide?

A
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3
Q

What is this slide?

A

Hypophysis - Neurohypophysis

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4
Q

What is this slide?

A

Hypophysis - Adenohypophysis, pars distalis, HE staining

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5
Q

What are the endocrine cells of the adenohypophysis?

A

Basophils:

  1. Thyreotropic cells - TSH
  2. Gonadotropic cells - FSH, LH
  3. Corticotropic cells - ACTH

Acidophils:

  1. Somatotropic cells - STH
  2. Mammotropic cells - prolactin
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6
Q

What is this slide?

A

Hypophysis - Adenohypophysis, pars distalis, HE staining

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7
Q

What is this slide?

A
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8
Q

What is this slide?

A

Thyroid gland (glandula thyroidea):

  • Follicles
  • Squamous to columnar epithelium
    • Depends of the secretory activity
  • Content = colloid - thyroglobulin
  • Follicular cells
  • Parafollicular cells
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9
Q

What is this slide?

A

Parafollicular cells (c) in the thyroid gland

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10
Q

What is this slide?

A

Parafollicular cells (c) in the thyroid gland

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11
Q

Describe the parathyroid gland

A
  • Connective tissue captule
  • Trabecules of epithelial cells - sometimes compact masses of cells
  • Visceral type of capillaries (fenestrated)
  • Chief cells:
    • Small polygonal cells
    • Vesicular
    • Pale staining nucleus
    • Secretory granules - parathormone
    • Variable amount of glycogen
  • Oxyphil cells - darker nuclei, number of mitochondria
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12
Q

What is this slide?

A

Parathyroid gland

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13
Q

What is this slide?

A

Parathyroid gland

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14
Q

What is this slide?

A

Parathyroid gland

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15
Q

Describe the adrenal gland

A
  • Cortex:
    • Mesodermal origin - coelomic epithelium
    • Steroid secreting cells
  • Medulla:
    • Originates from the neural crest
    • Cells produce catecholamines

Cortex:

  • Zona glomerulosa (aldosterone)
  • Zona fasciculata (glucocorticoids - cortisol, androgens)
  • Zona reticularis (androgens, glucocorticoids)
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16
Q

What is this slide?

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17
Q

What is this slide?

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18
Q

What is this slide?

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19
Q

What is this slide?

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20
Q

What is this slide?

A

Adrenal gland - medulla

21
Q

What is this slide?

A
22
Q

What is this slide?

A
23
Q

What are the hormones produced in the islets of Langerhans?

A

A cells - glucagon

B cells - insulin

D cells - somatostatin

PP cells - pancreatic polypeptide

24
Q

What is this slide?

A

B cells

Immunohistochemical method

Histology Summer semester (6 decks)

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