Endocrine: Function of the Hormones - 11.3 and 11.4

Question 1

Function of norepinephrine, epinephrine:

Answer 1

Synergist of the sympathetic nervous system.

1. Speed up heart rate and strength of contraction.
2. Speed up breathing rate and depth.
3. Slow down digestion.

Question 2

Function of Antidiuretic hormone (ADH):

Answer 2

Regulates water balance by conserving water.

Question 3

Function of Parathyroid hormone:

Answer 3

Stimulates an increase in blood calcium. PTH is the major hormone in calcium regulation.

Question 4

Name the three (3) ways that parathyroid hormone increases blood calcium.

Answer 4

1. increases osteoclast activity
2. prevents loss of calcium in urine through the kidneys.
3. increases absorption through the intestinal tract (gastrointestinal tract).

Question 5

Function of Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH):

Answer 5

Tropic hormone from anterior pituitary that increases the adrenal gland’s production of cortisol.

Question 6

Function of Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH):

Answer 6

Tropic hormone from anterior pituitary that stimulates the thyroid’s production of thyroid hormones.

Question 7

Function of Growth Hormone in children:

Answer 7

Growth in skeletal bones and skeletal muscles. Other cells as well but we learn just the two.

Question 8

Function of Cortisol :

Answer 8

Raises the blood sugar during stress.

Question 9

Function of Aldosterone:

Answer 9

Regulates the electrolyte balance of sodium and potassium.

Question 10

Function of Glucagon:

Answer 10

Antagonist to insulin. When blood sugar is low, glucagon stimulates the breaking apart of glycogen stored in the liver to release glucose into the blood.

Question 11

Function of Insulin:

Answer 11

When glucose blood levels are high -

1. Helps glucose go into liver, muscle and fat cells (adipocytes).
2. Promotes glycogen synthesis which is the storage form of glucose in liver.

Question 12

Function of Thyroid hormones:

Answer 12

Speeds up metabolism. This raises the body’s ATP, oxygen, fuel consumption and heat production

Question 13

Function of Thyroid hormones in fetal development:

Answer 13

Crucial to development of fetal nervous system.