Endocrine Drugs Flashcards
What are the adverse effects of Thyroid hormones such as Levothyroxine?
Hyperthyroidism
(anxiety, insomnia, restless, tachycardia, diarrhea, weight loss, abdominal cramps, heat intolerance, fever, diaphoresis, fever, and menstrual irregularity. )
How should Levothyroxine or other thyroid hormones be administered?
Slowly at first then gradually increased
The medication should be taken on empty stomach before breakfast
What are the Antithyroid hormones drugs? What are their indications?
PTU
Methimazole ( Tapazole)
They are indicated for hyperthyroidism
What are the adverse effects of methimazole & PTU? How can you assess?
Hypothyroidism: constipation, weight gain, dry skin, bradycardia, edema, anorexia, cold intolerance, menorrhagia, drowsiness, depression)
Agranulocytosis
- fever & sore throat
- Neutropenic
- Monitor CBC
- give neupogen
Liver problem
- jaundice, abdominal pain, dark urine, light colored stools
How long does it take for methimazole & PTU to take effect?
1-2 wks
How methimazole or PTU be taken?
With meals
Why is beta blockers prescribed for patients with hyperthyroidism?
To decrease tachycardia and tremors.
At high doses, what are the two conditions That radioactive iodine indicated for ?
Hyperthyroidism & thyroid cancer
What are the adverse effects of radioactive iodine?
Hyperthyroidism
Bone marrow suppression: ANT
Radiation sickness: hematemesis & epistaxis.
What should patients be taught about radioactive iodine for radioactive precautions?
To drink 2-3L fluids daily and void frequently. They should limit contact with people for less than 30 min/Day/Person. They should not cough.
Lugol iodine solution indication
Hyperthyroidism
What is the major adverse effect? How can it be treated?
Iodism: metallic taste, stomatitis, sore teeth, frontal headache, and skin rash, brassy taste, burning sensation in mouth.
NuR: sodium thiosulfate to reverse its effect. Assist with gastric lavage.
What type of food people with Lugol iodine solution patients should avoid and why?
Patients should not eat foods high in iodine such as salt and seafood. Foods high in Iodine increases the risk of Iodism.
Somatropin indication
Treat growth hormone deficiency
What are Somatropin adverse effects?
Hyperglycemia( 3P’s) & high calcium in urine
