Endocrine

Question 1

Medication to tx electrolyte abnormalities caused by central diabetes insipidus?

Answer 1

desmopressin

Question 2

What electrolyte abnormality do you see in central diabetes insipidus?

Answer 2

increased serum sodium

Question 3

criteria for FNA of thyroid nodule

Answer 3

solid hypoechoic nodule: >/= 1 cm.
cystic/solid nodule >/= 2 cm.
also smaller ones in higher risk pts

Question 4

Goal TSH levels during pregnancy?

Answer 4

0.1 to 2.5 µU/mL in the first trimester, 0.2 to 3.0 µU/mL (0.2-3.0 mU/L) in the second trimester, and 0.3 to 3.0 µU/mL (0.3-3.0 mU/L) in the third trimester.

Question 5

How to treat Graves Disease?

Answer 5

beta-blocker (atenolo); methimazole or propylthiouracil

Question 6

What are the indications to stop metformin for hospitalized pt?

Answer 6

If they will receive contrast dye or could develop lactic acidosis

Question 7

order of operations for screening in DM1?

Answer 7

1) Fasting lipid at pub or dx
2) dilated fundoscopic at 3 yr
3) Nephropathy: at 5 yr

Question 8

Tx of osteoporosis in pts with esophageal disease?

Answer 8

IV bisphosphonates, such as zoledronic acid

Question 9

MOA of Raloxifene?

Answer 9

selective estrogen-R modulator. not good in pts with sx of vasomotor stuff like hot flashes