endocrine

Question 1

collection of glands that secrets hormones

Answer 1

endocrine system

Question 2

regulates our mood, growth and development, tissue function, metabolism, reproductive processes

Answer 2

endocrine system

Question 3

chemical messengers

Answer 3

hormones

Question 4

travel through the bloodstream to target organs or tissues, where they regulate a wide range of physiological processes
- play a key role in growth, metabolism, reproduction, mood, and maintaining internal balance

Answer 4

hormones

Question 5

they are produced in very small quantities and are biologically very active; usually measured in micrograms or milligrams per day.
-their excess and deficiency, both, cause serious disorders

Answer 5

hormones

Question 6

secreted by cells into the extracellular fluid and affect the function
of the same cells that produced them.

Answer 6

autocrine signaling

Question 7

secreted by cells into the extracellular fluid and affects neighboring target cells of a different type

Answer 7

paracrine signaling

Question 8

secreted by neurons into the circulating blood and
influence the function of target cells at another location in the body.

Answer 8

endocrine signaling

Question 9

group of cell that produces and secrets or give off chemical

Answer 9

glands

Question 10

these glands secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream, which then travel to target organs or tissues throughout the body

Answer 10

endocrine glands

Question 11

these glands secrete substances (like enzymes, sweat, or saliva) into ducts that carry these secretions either to the surface of the body or into body cavities.

Answer 11

exocrine glands

Question 12

master gland“ -located at the base of the brain -produces hormones that regulate other endocrine glands

Answer 12

pituitary gland

Question 13

located in the front of the neck
-produces thyroid hormones (Thyroxin (T3) and Tri-iodothyronine (T4)) that regulate metabolism, energy levels, and growth
- produces calcitonin, which helps regulate calcium levels in the blood.

Answer 13

thyroid gland

Question 14

four small glands located behind the thyroid gland
-produce parathyroid hormone (PTH), which regulates calcium levels in the blood

Answer 14

parathyroid glands

Question 15

located on top of each kidney
-consist of two parts: the adrenal cortex
and the adrenal medulla
-produce hormones like: Cortisol (stress hormone) Aldosterone (regulates blood pressure)
Adrenaline (epinephrine) and norepinephrine (involved in the fight-or-flight response)

Answer 15

adrenal glands

Question 16

located behind the stomach
-has both endocrine and exocrine functions -Endocrine functions include the production of: Insulin (regulates blood sugar levels)
Glucagon (increases blood sugar levels

Answer 16

pancreas

Question 17

Ovaries (in females):
-produce estrogen and progesterone, which regulate female reproductive functions and menstrual cycles
Testes (in males):
-produce testosterone, which regulates male reproductive functions and secondary sexual characteristics (physical traits that develop during puberty )

Answer 17

gonads

Question 18

located in the brain
-produces melatonin (sleep-hormone), which regulates sleep-wake cycles and circadian rhythms.

Answer 18

pineal gland

Question 19

located in the upper chest, behind the sternum -produces thymosin, which is important for the development and differentiation of T-cells, crucial for the immune response

Answer 19

thymus gland

Question 20

a crucial part of the brain that links the nervous system to the endocrine system via the pituitary gland
-sends signals in the form of releasing hormones when to release (secrete) its hormones.
-it secretes several releasing and inhibiting hormones that regulate the activity of the pituitary gland
-body’s “smart control”
coordinating center.

Answer 20

hypothalamus