endocrine

Question 1

____

• deficiency in iodine
• mental stature
• short

Answer 1

cretinism

Question 2

____ disease

• excess ACTH
• excess melanin–> excess pigmentation in places that aren’t seen by the sun

Answer 2

addisons

Question 3

increased pituitary action leads to…

Answer 3

acromegaly

Question 4

decreased pituitary action leads to…

Answer 4

short

Question 5

hypopituitarism

Answer 5

hypopituitarism
multiple gland deficiencies
reduced gonad function

Question 6

pituitary tumors

Answer 6

may affect visual fiends

sella turcica

Question 7

pituitary adenoma

Answer 7

excess of pituitary follicles (abnormal cells)

too much TSH

Question 8

acromegaly

Answer 8

hyperpituitarism
coarsen facial features
affects hands and feet
prognathism
organs enlarged too

Question 9

hypothyroidism symptoms

Answer 9

more in females
increased sensitivity to cold
constipation
pale,dry skin
hoarse voice
unexplained weight gain

Question 10

Hashimoto’s thyroiditis

Answer 10

autoimmune
antibodies attack the gland
iodine deficiency
Goiter!!! most common cause

Question 11

Ridel’s thyroiditis

Answer 11

1 lobe or more become fibrotic
normally functioning
thyroid surgery - decrease thyroid function

Question 12

myxedema

Answer 12

edema from increased deposition of CT

untreated hypothyroidism

Question 13

hyperthyroidism symptoms

Answer 13

sudden weight loss
tachycardia
nervousness
tremor
sweating
increased sensitivity to heat

Question 14

most common cause of hyperthyroidism

Answer 14

Graves disease

Question 15

Graves disease

Answer 15

autoimmune

antibodies attack gland to increase thyroxine

Question 16

hyperthyroidism complications

Answer 16

heart disease
osteoporosis
exopthalmoses
red,swollen skin
thyroid storm

Question 17

thyroid storm/thyrotoxic crisis

Answer 17

sudden intensification of symptom
fever, rapid pulse, delirium
immediate medical attention

Question 18

goiter causes

Answer 18

hashimotos
graves
thyroid cancer
iodine deficiency
iatrogenic

Question 19

thyroid cancer

Answer 19

enlarged lymph nodes
grows rapidly
2ndary to radiation
usually benign

Question 20

Cushings syndrome

Answer 20

overproduction of cortisol
obesity
buffalo hump
purple striae
increased hair
muscle atrophy

Question 21

Addison’s disease

Answer 21

decreased production of cortisol
increased ACTH
increased melanin

Question 22

signs of addisons

Answer 22

darkened skin

most visible on scars, skin folds, and pressure points

Question 23

Addison’s symptoms

Answer 23

weight loss
muscle fatigue, chronic and progressive
low BP
nausea, vomiting, diarrhea (50%)
penetrating LBP

Question 24

DM I

Answer 24

lack of insulin production by pancreas

Question 25

DM II

Answer 25

improper use of insulin

can produce it - resistant

Question 26

DM symptoms

Answer 26

weakness, fatigue
polyuria
polydypsia
polyphagia
weight loss (I) or obesity (II)
blurred vision
infections
delayed healing
diabetic neuropathy

Question 27

DM symptoms late

Answer 27

blindness
hematuria
impotence
bilateral symmetric distal sensory loss
coronary artery disease

Question 28

DM signs late

Answer 28

retinopathy
decreased peripheral pulses
decreased sensation in affected areas
decreased body temp in affected area

Question 29

DM signs very late

Answer 29

ulcers
gangrene
usually in distal extremities