endocrine Flashcards
____
- deficiency in iodine
- mental stature
- short
cretinism
____ disease
- excess ACTH
- excess melanin–> excess pigmentation in places that aren’t seen by the sun
addisons
increased pituitary action leads to…
acromegaly
decreased pituitary action leads to…
short
hypopituitarism
hypopituitarism
multiple gland deficiencies
reduced gonad function
pituitary tumors
may affect visual fiends
sella turcica
pituitary adenoma
excess of pituitary follicles (abnormal cells)
too much TSH
acromegaly
hyperpituitarism coarsen facial features affects hands and feet prognathism organs enlarged too
hypothyroidism symptoms
more in females increased sensitivity to cold constipation pale,dry skin hoarse voice unexplained weight gain
Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
autoimmune
antibodies attack the gland
iodine deficiency
Goiter!!! most common cause
Ridel’s thyroiditis
1 lobe or more become fibrotic
normally functioning
thyroid surgery - decrease thyroid function
myxedema
edema from increased deposition of CT
untreated hypothyroidism
hyperthyroidism symptoms
sudden weight loss tachycardia nervousness tremor sweating increased sensitivity to heat
most common cause of hyperthyroidism
Graves disease
Graves disease
autoimmune
antibodies attack gland to increase thyroxine
hyperthyroidism complications
heart disease osteoporosis exopthalmoses red,swollen skin thyroid storm
thyroid storm/thyrotoxic crisis
sudden intensification of symptom
fever, rapid pulse, delirium
immediate medical attention
goiter causes
hashimotos graves thyroid cancer iodine deficiency iatrogenic
thyroid cancer
enlarged lymph nodes
grows rapidly
2ndary to radiation
usually benign
Cushings syndrome
overproduction of cortisol obesity buffalo hump purple striae increased hair muscle atrophy
Addison’s disease
decreased production of cortisol
increased ACTH
increased melanin
signs of addisons
darkened skin
most visible on scars, skin folds, and pressure points
Addison’s symptoms
weight loss muscle fatigue, chronic and progressive low BP nausea, vomiting, diarrhea (50%) penetrating LBP
DM I
lack of insulin production by pancreas
