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ANAPHY P2 > Endocrine > Flashcards

Endocrine Flashcards

1
Q

Allow cells to communicate with each other to regulate body cavities

A

Chemical messengers

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2
Q

Controlled release of chemicals from a cell

A

Secretion

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3
Q

Four classes of chemical messengers

A

Autocrine
Paracrine
Neurotransmitters
Endocrine

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4
Q

Stimulates the cells that originally secreted it

A

Autocrine

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5
Q

Example of autocrine chemical messengers

A

White blood cells

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6
Q

Local messengers secreted by one cell type

A

Paracrine

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7
Q

Example of paracrine

A

Histamine

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8
Q

Secreted by neurons to activate another neuron

A

Neurotransmitters

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9
Q

Example of neurotransmitters

A

Acetylcholine

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10
Q

It is secreted into synaptic cleft

A

Neurotransmitters

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11
Q

Secreted into blood stream by certain glands and cell

A

Endocrine

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12
Q

Example of endocrine

A

Epinephrine

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13
Q

Includes glands and specialized endocrine cells that secreted hormones in the blood stream

A

Endocrine system

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14
Q

A chemical messenger that is secreted into the blood

A

Hormones

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15
Q

The study of endocrine system

A

Endocrinology

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16
Q

Have ducts that carry their secretions to the outside of the body

A

Exocrine glands

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17
Q

Regulate almost every physiological process in our body

A

Hormones

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18
Q

Specific sites where hormones produce a particular response

A

Target site / effectors

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19
Q

Two chemical nature

A

Lipid soluble hormones
Water soluble hormones

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20
Q

Non-polar; include steroid hormones, thyroidnhormones, and fatty acid hormones

A

Lipid soluble hormones

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21
Q

Polar; includes protein,peptide, and amino acids

A

Water soluble hormones

22
Q

Rapid degration of enzymes

A

Proteases

23
Q

Rapidly degraded by enzymes

A

Water-soluble hormones

24
Q

Types of stimuli regulating hormones

A

Humoral Stimuli
Neural Stimuli
Hormonal Stimuli

25
Q

Directly blood-borne chemicals to hormones

A

Humoral stimuli

26
Q

Directly by blood borne chemicals

A

Humoral stimuli

27
Q

Stimulated by action potential, releasing neurotransmitter

A

Neural stimuli

28
Q

Hormone is secreted to stimulate the secretion of ofher hormones

A

Hormonal stimuli

29
Q

Chemical messengers secreted by neurons directly to blood

A

Neuropeptide

30
Q

‘Specialized neuropeptides’ that stimulate hormone secretion

A

Releasing hormones

31
Q

Prevents further hormone secretion once a set point is achieved

A

Negative feedback

32
Q

Self promoting system whereby the stimulation of hormone secretion increases by time

A

Positive feedback

33
Q

Proteins where the hormones bind

A

Receptors

34
Q

The location on cell where the hormones bind

A

Receptor Site

35
Q

Tendency for each type of hormone to bind to one type of receptor

A

Specificity

36
Q

Often found in cell nucleus where lipid soluble hormones bind

A

Nuclear receptors

37
Q

2 classes of receptors

A

Nuclear receptor
Membrane-bound receptor

38
Q

Proteins that extend across the cell membrane where water solubles bind

A

Membrane-bound receptors

39
Q

Forms from combination of hormones and its receptor

A

Transcription factor

40
Q

Fingerlike projections that recognize and specific nucleotide sequence in dna

A

Hormone-response elements

41
Q

Another word for pituitary gland

A

Hypophysis

42
Q

Small gland that about the size of pea

A

Pituitary gland / hypophysis

43
Q

Small gland that rests in sella turcica which is controlled by hypothalamus

A

Pituitary gland

44
Q

Pituitary gland is controlled by

A

Hypothalamus

45
Q

Secretes hormones that influence growth, kidney function, birth, milk production

A

Pituitary gland / hypophysis

46
Q

Endocrine control center of the brain

A

Hypothalamusb/ hypophysis

47
Q

A stalk that connects pituitary gland and the hypothalamus

A

Infundibulum

48
Q

Made of epihelial cells from embryonic oral cavity

A

Anterior pituitary

49
Q

Extension of brain and composed of nerve cells

A

Posterior pituitary

50
Q

Capillary beds and veins that transport the releasing and inhibiting hormones

A

Hypothalamic-pituitary portal system

ANAPHY P2 (4 decks)

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