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ABSITE > Endocrine > Flashcards

Endocrine Flashcards

1
Q

Embryology of thyroid

A

Medial: 1-2 pharyngeal pouch
Lateral: 4-5th pharyngeal pouch

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2
Q

Arterial Supply of Thyroid

A

Superior thyroid artery (off external carotid artery)

Inferior thyroid artery (thyrocervical trunk)

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3
Q

Venous Drainage of Thyroid

A

Superior and middle thyroid veins (drain into IJ)

Inferior thyroid veins (drain into innominate and brachiocephalic veins)

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4
Q

Recurrent Laryngeal nerve innervates all muscles of larynx except

A

cricothyroid (which is supplied by external branch of Superior laryngeal nerve)

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5
Q

What structures does the Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve wrap around

A

Right: subclavian
Left: aortic arch

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6
Q

Injury of superior laryngeal nerve causes

A

Loss of projection of voice, voice fatigability

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7
Q

Mechanism of action of prophylthiouracil and methimazole

A

Block peroxidase oxidation of iodine inhibiting incorporation of iodine into T4-T3

PTU also inhibits peripheral conversion of T4 to T3

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8
Q

Between prophylthiouracil and methimazole which is safer in pregnancy

A

PTU (methimazole crosses placenta)

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9
Q

Why give steroids in acute hyperthyroid conditions

A

steroids prevent peripheral conversion of T4 to T3 and lower serum TSH by suppressing pituitary-thyroid axis

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10
Q

Etiology of Graves

A

Autoantibodies to TSH receptors which bind and stimulate thyroid hormone production

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11
Q

Pathology in Hashimoto Thyroiditis

A

Lymphocytic infiltrate

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12
Q

Symptoms of De Quervain Thyroiditis and Treatment

A

Swelling and tenderness of thyroid after URI

NSAIDs + steroids

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13
Q

Treatment of thyroid storm

A

PTU vs Methimazole
Dexamethasone (to prevent peripheral conversion of T4 to T3)
Propranolol

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14
Q

What is first manifestation of MEN 2a and 2b

A

Medullary thyroid carcinoma

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15
Q

When should MEN 2a and 2b patients undergo total thyroidectomy

A

MEN 2a - 6 years

Men 2b - 1-2 years

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16
Q

What lab should be trended in medullary thyroid carcinoma after thyroidectomy

A

calcitonin

17
Q

What is histologic findings of papillary thyroid carcinoma

A

Psammoma Bodies

Orphan Annie Nuclei

18
Q

Embryology of parathyroid glands

A

Superior: 4th branchial pouch

Inferior: 3rd branchial pouch

19
Q

Blood supply to parathyroid glands

A

Inferior thyroid artery

20
Q

Location of Parathyroid glands to recurrent laryngeal gland

A

Superior: lateral to RLN, above inferior thyroid artery

Inferior: Medial to RLN, below inferior thyroid artery

21
Q

High PTH

High-Normal Calcium

A

Primary or Tertiary hyperparathyroidism

ABSITE (3 decks)

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