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Endodontics > Endo Exam and Testing I > Flashcards

Endo Exam and Testing I Flashcards

2/5 exam

1
Q

An endo diagnosis consists of 2 parts:

A

pulpal
periapical

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2
Q

the pulpal diagnosis consists of

A

status of the nerve tissue
C- nerve fiber
A- nerve fiber
detection of temperature and sharpness

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3
Q

C nerve fibers detect what kind of pain

A

dull spontaneous ache

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4
Q

A nerve fibers detect what kind of pain

A

sharp acute intense pain

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5
Q

the periapical diagnosis consists of

A

status of the tissues surrounding the apex

proprioceptive (pressure sensing) nerve fibers

Detects chewing pressure and percussion

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6
Q

What do we need to do correctly for proper treatment

A

diagnose

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7
Q

If you don’t know the diagnosis after taking the history of the patient, then

A

you haven’t taken enough history

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8
Q

what do you use to verify your diagnosis

A

the patient exam

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9
Q

what is the order of the diagnostic exam

A

SOAP
Subjective
Objective
Assessment/Appraisal
Plan

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10
Q

The chief complaint is

A

what the patient tells you in their own words

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11
Q

what are subjective findings

A

what the patient is telling you. They may not be accurate

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12
Q

What must be addressed even if you find other things wrong

A

Chief complaint

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13
Q

medical history should be reviewed by the dentist how often

A

every visit

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14
Q

what medical conditions can mimic odontogenic pain

A

TB
Uncontrolled diabetes
Iron deficiency
leukemia
Sickle cell
multiple myeloma
acute maxillary sinusitis

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15
Q

Sickle cell may cause what type of pain

A

bone pain and loss of trabecular bone pattern- mimic odontogenic
pain and bone loss of Endodontic origin

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16
Q

Radiation therapy may cause what type of pain

A

increased sensitivity of teeth and osteoradionecrosis

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17
Q

Multiple Myeloma may cause what type of pain

A

unexplained mobility of teeth(Floating Tooth)

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18
Q

Trigeminal neuralgia, referred pain from cardiac angina, and multiple sclerosis may cause what type of pain

A

mimic tooth pain

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19
Q

Acute maxillary sinusitis may cause what type of pain

A

posterior quadrant mimic tooth pain. Teeth may be
extremely sensitive to cold and percussion

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20
Q

what is a systemic contraindication to endodontic therapy

A

uncontrolled diabetes or a recent myocardial infarction within the past 6 months

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21
Q

What are the 5 basic directions of questioning

A

Localization (where)
Commencement (when)
Intensity (1-10)
Provocation/Attenuation (produces or reduces pain)
Duration (how long)

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22
Q

what are objective findings

A

What you as the doctor clinically see and your findings

What does the extra oral exam show? Swelling, Redness, tender to palpate etc.

What does the x-ray show

Intraoral exam findings

All tests findings - percussion, thermal, observation, palpation, periodontal
probing and patient’s response to the tests.

Record normal as well as abnormal. Why?

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23
Q

what are extraoral exam findings

A

asymmetries and swelling, redness, and demeanor of patient upon arrival

palpation of submandibular and cervical lymph nodes (hard tender?)

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24
Q

if lymph nodes and hard, tender and
enlarged may indicate that

A

the infection has moved from localized to more systemic
infection

25
Q

Ludwig’s Angina

A

Large firm red bi-lateral swelling under the chin into neck (dangerous)

26
Q

External sinus tract

A

a stoma (opening) that never heals until generally, heal and closes once offending tooth is treated

27
Q

Extraoral facial swelling is usually Endodontics in origin because

A

diffuse facial swelling from a periodontal abscess is rare

28
Q

detail a Canine space infection

A

Loss of definition in the nasolabial fold to swollen red eye

Long rooted maxillary central incisors can also cause this swelling but more likely to cause the upper lip to be swollen

29
Q

Buccal space infection Maxilla

A

Extraoral swelling in posterior cheek

Usually from the buccal roots of maxillary premolar and molars

30
Q

Buccal space infection Mandibular

A

Usually from mandibular premolar and mandibular 1st molar

2nd and 3rd molars may also be the cause but infections with these two teeth are just as likely to exit the lingual

31
Q

With a buccal space infection why is there swelling and disappearance of the nasolabial folds

A

Roots on maxillary lie superior to the attachment of the buccinator muscle

Roots on the mandibular lie inferior to the attachment of the buccinator muscle

32
Q

Extraoral swelling associated with mandibular incisors generally will swell in what space

A

submittal or submandibular spaces

33
Q

Infections associated with any mandibular teeth that exit the alveolar bone on the lingual and are inferior to the mylohyoid muscle attachment, will be noted as

A

swelling in the submandibular space

34
Q

How should you examine intraoral swelling

A

Visualize and palpate to determine if firm, diffuse or fluctuant

In Anterior palate - most frequently from maxillary lateral incisors or maxillary
1st premolar

35
Q

Swelling in the posterior palate is most likely associated with

A

the palatal roots of
maxillary molars

36
Q

Severe infections involving the maxillary and mandibular molars can extend into the
___________ space, resulting in swelling of the tonsillar and pharyngeal areas

A

parapharyngeal

37
Q

Sinus tract

A

communication directly from the source through an opening in the gingiva
called the stoma. Sometimes lined with epithelium

38
Q

Fistula

A

an abnormal pathway between two organs or from one epithelium-lined surface to another
epithelium-lined surface.

39
Q

Will there be much pain if an intraoral sinus tract is present

A

no

40
Q

Sinus tract may have a _____ adjacent to the offending tooth or the infection may
exit at a distant site

A

stoma

41
Q

Alveolar hard tissue near ______ should be palpated with index finger to try and detect any abnormalities.

A

apices (check the other side to see if it is symmetrical or or abnormal)

42
Q

Tender areas may indicate

A

periradicular inflammation which may be Endodontics or
periodontic in origin

43
Q

When apical inflammation develops after pulp necrosis, the inflammatory process may burrow its way through the

A

facial cortical bone and begin to affect the overlying
mucoperiosteum (may feel tender before the swelling appears)

44
Q

Tenderness to percussion or biting, indicates

A

that there is inflammation around the
tooth(periapical). The proprioceptive nerve fibers around around the tooth (PDL) and not in the
tooth

45
Q

Inflammation apically (Apical Periodontitis) can be caused from the presents of bacteria originating
from

A

the nerve (pulp) in the offending tooth

46
Q

Start with contralateral tooth so the patient knows

A

what “normal” feels like

47
Q

Percuss adjacent teeth both _____________ to help confirm offending tooth

A

medially and distally

48
Q

Percussion tells _______ about the vitality of the pulp

A

nothing

49
Q

Increased mobility indicates

A

a compromised periodontal attachment but tells nothing of the vitality of the
tooth

50
Q

Mobility occurs because of

A

Acute or chronic trauma
Periodontal disease
Root fractures
Rapid orthodontic movement
Extension of pupal disease into the PDL

51
Q

Any mobility greater than ___ should be considered abnormal

A

+1

52
Q

Mobility +1

A

The first distinguishable sign of movement greater than normal

53
Q

Mobility +2

A

Horizontal tooth movement no greater than 1 mm

54
Q

Mobility +3

A

Horizontal tooth movement greater than 1 mm, with or without the visualization of rotation or vertical repressibility

55
Q

Wide areas of deep probing indicate

A

periodontal etiology whereas isolated

56
Q

narrow pocketing may indicate

A

a vertical root fracture or an infection that is draining
through the sulcus from a non-vital tooth

57
Q

Class I Furcation involvment

A

can be probed but not to a significant depth

58
Q

Class II Furcation involvment

A

can be entered but not probed completely through other side

59
Q

Class III Furcation involvment

A

can be probed completely through opposite side

Endodontics (3 decks)

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