End Of Year Test

Question 0

Saturated fats

Answer 0

Carbon-carbon bonds, no more H2 atoms can fit in

Coronary heart disease link

Question 1

Process of extraction

Answer 1

Crush
Press/ distill
Water and impurities are removed

Question 2

Unsaturated fats

Answer 2

Carbon-carbon double bonds
Good for you
Can be cracked/ hydrogenated in a nickel catalyst at 60’c to become a spread

Question 3

Emulsions

Answer 3

Hydrophobic- water hating tails
Hydrophilic- water hating heads
They combine water and oil which would not usually mix
Make mayonnaise and ice cream
Makes sauces thicker

Question 4

Structure of the earth and is atmosphere

Answer 4

Core, mantle, crust, atmosphere

Question 5

What are the only sources of minerals that humans need?

Answer 5

Crust, atmosphere, oceans

Question 6

Continental drifts

Answer 6

Crustal movement of plates- didn’t have any evidence so was not accepted

Question 7

Why do plates move?

Answer 7

Convection currents caused by radioactive decay

Question 8

Primordial soup

Answer 8

Ammonia, hydrogen, methane, water

Question 9

Earths atmosphere gases

Answer 9

80% nitrogen
20% oxygen
0.04% CO2
Water vapour
Noble gases

Question 10

How are double bonds detected?

Answer 10

Using bromine to see if it goes colourless

Question 11

Conditions for hydrogenation

Answer 11

Nickel catalyst, hydrogen 60’c

Question 12

What is used to stop oil and water from separating?

Answer 12

Emulsions

Question 13

Give an example of a giant ionic structure?

Answer 13

Sodium chloride

Question 14

Give an example of a giant covalent structure

Answer 14

Diamond or graphite

Question 15

Give an example of a metallic structure

Answer 15

Gold

Question 16

Give an example of a simple covalent structure?

Answer 16

Water

Question 17

Describe how graphite can conduct electricity

Answer 17

They are made of layers, which can slide over each other
They have 3 bonds between the carbon atoms
The spare bond of each atoms means that heat and electricity can conduct

Question 18

Photosynthesis

Answer 18

6CO2 + 6H2O = C6 H12 O6 + 6O2

Question 19

What do thermo-setting plastics have that thermo-softening don’t?

Answer 19

Strong cross links between atoms that stop them from melting and being re-shaped.