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Chemistry > Electrolysis > Flashcards

Electrolysis Flashcards

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0
Q

Positive electrode

A

Anode

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1
Q

Negative electrode

A

Cathode

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2
Q

How can solid ionic substances be changed to conduct electricity?

A

Dissolving them in a solution or melting them to their molten state so that the ions can move freely and carry charge

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3
Q

OIL RIG

A

Oxidation is loss

Reduction is gain

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4
Q

Rules of electrolysis

A

The substance made at the electrode is:

  • a halide
  • hydroxide
  • lower in the reactivity series
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5
Q

Half equations

A

Take the ionic substance back to its neutral state by either gaining or losing electrons again

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6
Q

What are group 7 elements?

A

Halides

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7
Q

Which electrons are attracted to the cathode?

A

Positive ions

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8
Q

Which electrons are attracted to the anode?

A

Negative ions

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9
Q

What is the molten mixture involved in the electrolysis of aluminium?

A

Aluminium oxide (alumina) and cryolite

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10
Q

Why is cryolite used in the electrolysis of aluminium?

A

To lower the melting point of aluminium from 2000’c to 850’c so that less energy is involved in the process is therefore cheaper

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11
Q

What is electroplating?

A

Depositing one metal onto another metal.

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12
Q

What happens at the cathode in electroplating?

A

The metal gains electrons and goes back to its neutral state.
It deposits on the other metal.

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13
Q

What happens at the anode in electroplating?

A

The metal loses electrons

It starts to dissolve in the solution.

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14
Q

How many things are in an melted ionic compound?

A

2

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15
Q

How many things are in a aqueous solution for electrolysis?

A

4

16
Q

Define electrolysis

A

Splitting up substances using electricity

17
Q

Define Electrolyte

A

Substance which conducts and is chemically charged by the current
Usually a melted or dissolved ionic compound

18
Q

Explain briefly the electrolysis of melted ionic compounds

A

You are getting the original element from its ion, in its neutral state.

19
Q

In an aqueous solution what ions from water are present?

A

Hydrogen and hydroxide

20
Q

Overall Equation for electrolysis of aluminium

A

2Al2 O3= 4Al + 3O2

21
Q

What is the positive electrode made of in the electrolysis of aluminium?

A

Carbon

22
Q

Why does the positive electrode deteriorate in the electrolysis of aluminium?

A

The carbon reacts with the oxygen and then burns away in the CO2 created

23
Q

Properties of aluminium

A

Light and strong

24
Q

What is the word that describes when atoms travel in pairs?

A

Diatomic

25
Q

Name three diatomic elements

A

O2, Br2, Cl2

26
Q

Why can electroplating be expensive?

A

There is a lot of electricity involved and the substances in it can also be expensive to get,

27
Q

Where is the object to be plated always? It’s an electrode

A

Cathode

28
Q

Where is the plating metal always found?

A

Anode

Chemistry (4 decks)

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