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PER > End of year > Flashcards

End of year Flashcards

1
Q

What are the aims of punishment

A
  1. Protection
  2. Retribution
  3. Deterrence
  4. Reform
  5. Vindication
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2
Q

Protection definition

A

This is when the punishment is needed because it stops the criminal repeating the offence, for the safety of the public

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3
Q

Retribution definition

A

An example of a punishment that follows the idea of retribution is “a life for a life”

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4
Q

Deterrence definition

A

Deterrence is when the criminal is punished in such a way as to scare people from committing the crime

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5
Q

Reform definition

A

This aims to make the criminal better

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6
Q

Vindication definition

A

This is when it is important to punish crimes so the laws and rules of society are respected

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7
Q

Theft definition and examples

A

Taking something that isn’t yours but doesn’t involve trespassing/breaking or entering or threat of violence
Example: Shoplifting, theft of cars

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8
Q

TWOC definition

A

Taking Without Owners Consent

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9
Q

TADA consent

A

Taking And Driving Away

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10
Q

Robbery definition

A

Theft that includes threat of violence

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11
Q

Burglary definition

A

Theft that involves trespassing/breaking and enetering

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12
Q

Violent crime examples

A

Robbery, violence against the person and sexual offences

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13
Q

What crimes are included in the category violence against the person

A

Murder, manslaughter assault and wounding

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14
Q

GBH definition

A

Grievous bodily harm

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15
Q

ABH definition

A

Actual bodily harm

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16
Q

Out of GBH and ABH which is more serious

A

GBH

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17
Q

What crimes are included in the category sexual offences

A

rape, indecent assault and gross indecency

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18
Q

In local area what are the 4 most common crimes

A
  1. Anti social behaviour
  2. Violence and sexual offences
  3. Public order
  4. Shoplifting
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19
Q

In local area where is the most common place for crimes to occur

A

The high street

20
Q

How many crimes occurred in local area in June 2023

A

71

21
Q

What is discharge

A

When no punishment is given out

22
Q

What are the two types of discharge and what are their definitions

A
  • Absolute: Offender receives a criminal record but no further action is taken
  • Conditional: If offender commits further crime in number of years they will receive a harsher punishment
23
Q

What is the maximum fine in a magistrates court and the crown court

A

Magistrates: £5000
Crown: unlimited

24
Q

What are the minimum and maximum of hours you can get for community service

A

40 - 300 hours

25
Q

Give 3 examples of community service

A
  1. Compulsory unpaid work
  2. Drug treatment and testing
  3. Curfew
26
Q

Community service definiton

A

These combine punishment with activities designed to change the offenders behaviour and make amends

27
Q

What is the most serious punishment a court can impose (in the UK)

A

Prison

28
Q

How many people in the UK are in prison

A

80,000

29
Q

What is the final type of punishment

A

Criminal behaviour Order and Drinking Banning Orders

30
Q

What are the types of court in order from least to most important

A
  1. Magistrates
  2. Crown Court
  3. High Court
  4. Court of Appeal
  5. Supreme court
31
Q

In what court are most crimes dealt in

A

Magistrates Court

32
Q

What is the maximum prison sentence a magistrates court can give out

A

6 months

33
Q

Give 3 differences between the crown court and magistrates court

A

Crown Court has a judge
Crown court has a jury
Crown court has barristers

34
Q

Story of Hosea in bullet points

A
  1. Hosea was a prophet in Israel
  2. Gomer was Hosea’s wife and became unfaithful and later a prostitute
  3. Hosea responds to Gomer’s actions by buying her our of prostitution, forgiving her and accepting her as his wife
35
Q

Story of the lost Son

A
  • Younger son leaves home and wastes all his money
  • He is so hungry he attempts to eat pig food
  • He returns to his father in order to ask for forgiveness
  • His father celebrates when he gets home and forgives him
  • Elder son is angry
36
Q

What is the famous quote from The Lost son

A

“This brother of yours was dead and is alive again; he was lost and now found”

37
Q

What testament is The Lost Son and Hosea

A

Lost son - New Testament
Hosea - Old

38
Q

What is the famous quote and story of Enniskilin

A

On remembrance day the IRA set off a bomb and many people died including Gordon Wilson’s 20 year old daughter and in an interview shortly after her death he said “I have lost my daughter we will miss her, but i bear no ill will, I bear no grudge”

39
Q

How many states have the death penalty

A

27

40
Q

What are the 5 methods of execution

A
  1. Lethal injection
  2. electrocution
  3. gas chamber
  4. hanging
  5. Firing squad
41
Q

What are 5 arguments for the Death penalty

A
  1. A life for a life
  2. Relatives of the victim have a right to justice
  3. Is the only certain way to protect society against murderers
  4. Fear of execution will deter a violent criminal
  5. Public opinion is in favour of the death penalty
42
Q

What are 5 arguments against the death penalty

A
  1. Death penalty is irreversible- mistakes can be made with convictions
  2. Executing the murderer will not bring back the victim
  3. Turns murderers into martyrs
  4. Removes all hope of reform
  5. There is no evidence that it acts as a deterrent
43
Q

Summarise the story of Derek Bentley

A
  • Derek has the mental age of 11
  • He was breaking into a warehouse with his friend Craig who was 16 and had a gun
  • The police came and Derek allegedly said “Let him have it Craig”
  • Craig fired the gun and Derek gets executed
  • In 1998 Bentley was posthumously pardoned
44
Q

What are 5 reasons someone commits a crime (who is to blame)

A
  1. Drug and alcohol abuse
  2. Criminal culture (“everyone does it”)
  3. Lack of discipline at home
  4. Soft punishments
  5. Poverty and unemployment.
45
Q

Life of Carl Sagan

A
  • Worked for NASA in the voyager missions
  • There were budget cuts at NASA but Sagan persuaded them to send out Voyager, to take a picture of Earth
  • Sagan wanted this photo taken so humans could see the earth from this perspective
  • Voyager was sent out and it took the most distant photo of Earth and it was nick named the pale dot

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