End of Topic Knowledge Test 19.11.21 Flashcards
describe the Triangle Trade
Ships went from Europe (Britain, France etc) carrying guns, gunpowder, pots, pans, cloth and alcohol which was traded for slaves in West Africa.
The slaves were then transported across the Atlantic Ocean (the Middle Passage) to America.
In America, they farmed cotton, tobacco, spices, sugar and coffee which was then transported back to Europe.
what were slaves fed on slavers?
Slaves were fed biscuits, beans, yams, salted beef, porridge
what diseases were there aboard slavers?
Diseases like malaria, dysentery, scurvy and yellow fever spread rapidly
define tight and loose packing
tight packing - slaves had noses against each other’s backs, like books on a shelf.
loose packing - slaves were given slightly more space
how much space did the slaves get on ships exactly?
180cm headroom, 160cm width space
extras for slavers
Journey could take between 40 and 70 days
Would be below deck 23 hours a day
It was excruciatingly hot, 35 degrees Celsius sometimes
Lack of oxygen, sometimes so little that candles couldn’t burn.
They would be flogged as punishment
describe Harriet Tubman’s journey/story
Escaped from a plantation using the underground railroad
Gets to Pennsylvania to escape
Finds out her parents and family are being sold, and goes to rescue them.
Eventually she goes out and smuggles away many many people from plantations using the underground railroad.
how many slaves did Harriet free?
300
how old was Harriet T when she died?
93
what date did Nat Turner start his revolt?
Began a revolt on August 21st, 1831
Why did nat turner start his revolt?
He had a dream about a conflict, and thought he was a prophet. He convinced 4 men this, and they gathered other slaves to go and attack the people who had enslaved them.
He wanted revenge on the slave owners because they had imprisoned him for so long.
give the key dates of the abolition of slavery
1807 = parliament voted overwhelming for the abolition of the slave trade
1833 = parliament passed the Act abolishing slavery throughout the British Empire.
1865 = Abraham Lincoln abolishes slavery in the USA after the American Civil War
define abolition
Abolition = the act of abolishing a system, practice or institution.
who were the 6 abolitionists?
Thomas Clarkson = wrote many books against slavery, designed anti-slavery pictures.
Olaudah Equiano = formed a group called the ‘Sons of Africa’ and spread the word of the conditions across the Atlantic.
Hannah More = wrote poems, organised a ban for slave-produced sugar
William Wilberforce = set up RSPCA and fought for anti-slavery each year in parliament for 29 consecutive years.
Granville Sharp = helped establish laws and took a captain of a slaver to court
Josiah Wedgewood = donated lots of many to the Abolition Committee and designed a famous seal.
