End of term test, semester 2

Question 1

definition of electricity

Answer 1

a form of energy resulting from the existence of charged particles.

Question 2

charge definition

Answer 2

fundamental property of materials.

Question 3

are atoms neutral, positively charged or negatively charged

Answer 3

neutral.

Question 4

can electrons be transferred? yes/no

Answer 4

yes.

Question 5

number of protons=

Answer 5

number of electrons.

Question 6

what are the two types of electricity?

Answer 6

static and current.

Question 7

what is static electricity?

Answer 7

the build up of electric charge on a surface.

Question 8

what is current?

Answer 8

a electrical current is formed whenever charge flows from one spot to another.

Question 9

what are the laws of charges?

Answer 9

• alike charges repel.
• unlike charges attract.
  eg. N/N, S/S - repel
  N/S - attract

Question 10

what is a magnetic field?

Answer 10

a region around a magnetic material or a moving electric charge within which the force of magnetism acts.

Question 11

what is the law of poles?

Answer 11

• alike poles repel

- unlike poles attract

Question 12

what are circuit components?

Answer 12

different parts of circuits.

Question 13

what are circuit diagrams?

Answer 13

circuit diagram is a simplified and shorthand version of a real circuit.

Question 14

what is voltage?

Answer 14

voltage is a measure of the amount of energy.

measured with a voltmeter.

Question 15

what are conductors?

Answer 15

Metals are conductors. Electrical currents pass through them.

Question 16

what are insulators?

Answer 16

some materials have such a high have a high resistance that they block electric current completely.

Question 17

what is a series circuit?

Answer 17

in a series all the components of the circuit are connected up one after another to form a single loop.

Question 18

what is a parallel circuit?

Answer 18

a parallel circuit has a number of branches, each branch having its own component.

Question 19

what is electromagnetism?

Answer 19

Magnetism produced by an electric current and electric current produced by a changing magnetic field.

Question 20

what is magnetism?

Answer 20

around a permanent magnet is an invisible force filed called a magnetic field.

Question 21

what is a electric motor?

Answer 21

two magnets experiencing a force when place within each others fields.

Question 22

what is a generator?

Answer 22

a generator uses electromagnetism to create electricity.

Question 23

what is bacteria?

Answer 23

bacteria are microscopic, unicellular organisms.

Question 24

what is a disease?

Answer 24

anything that causes our body to stop working properly.

Question 25

what is a pathogen?

Answer 25

an organism that causes disease.

Question 26

example of pathogens.

Answer 26

• viruses
• bacteria
• fungi

Question 27

what is a disease caused by a virus, bacteria and fungi?

Answer 27

virus- rabies
bacteria- whooping cough
fungi- athletes foot

Question 28

transmission definiton

Answer 28

the passing of disease from infected individuals to unaffected individuals.

Question 29

methods of transmission

Answer 29

• droplet transmission
• transmission through water
• transmission through vectors
• transmission by contact

Question 30

entry points of pathogens in the body

Answer 30

eyes, nose, mouth, skin, genitals, ears, cuts

Question 31

what are the three lines of defence?

Answer 31

• producing antitoxins
• engulfing microbes
• releasing antibodies

Question 32

producing antibodies

Answer 32

chemicals that are designed to neutralise the effects of the toxin and kill them off are released.

Question 33

engulfing microbes

Answer 33

some cells eat the microbes and the break them down once they are inside the cell.

Question 34

releasing antibodies

Answer 34

the antibody attaches itself to the specific site and then destroys it.

Question 35

why are vaccines so important?

Answer 35

vaccines help out the body to develop immunity.

Question 36

what is a vaccine?

Answer 36

a chemical that causes your body to react as if it had encounter a pathogen.