End of Episode of Care Planning and Parkinson’s Revisited Flashcards
Week 5
What are the three main categories of Parkinsonism disorders?
Idiopathic Parkinson’s Disease (PD)
Secondary Parkinsonism
Parkinsonism-Plus Syndromes.
What is the most common form of Parkinsonism?
Idiopathic Parkinson’s Disease (PD), which accounts for about 78% of cases.
What are common causes of Secondary Parkinsonism?
Toxins (pesticides, industrial chemicals), drugs (neuroleptics, calcium channel blockers), metabolic conditions (hypothyroidism, Wilson’s disease).
What distinguishes Parkinsonism-Plus Syndromes from idiopathic PD?
They mimic PD but have distinct neurodegenerative origins, such as Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP) and Multiple System Atrophy (MSA).
What are hallmark motor symptoms of Parkinson’s disease?
Bradykinesia, rigidity, resting tremor, postural instability.
What is the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) used for?
Assessing disease severity, including motor and non-motor symptoms.
How does PT manage Parkinsonism-related gait impairments?
Using external cues (auditory, visual), high-amplitude exercises, fall prevention strategies, and dual-task training.
What is the role of dopamine in Parkinson’s disease?
Dopaminergic neuron degeneration in the substantia nigra leads to motor dysfunction and bradykinesia.
What medication is most commonly used to manage Parkinson’s symptoms?
Levodopa (L-DOPA) combined with carbidopa to enhance dopamine availability.
What is the difference between on-time and off-time in Parkinson’s treatment?
On-time refers to periods when medication is working effectively; off-time is when symptoms return due to medication wearing off.
Why is cueing important in Parkinson’s disease gait training?
Patients benefit from external auditory or visual cues to initiate movement and reduce freezing episodes.
What are key PT interventions for Parkinsonism?
Gait training, balance exercises, postural training, fall prevention, resistance training, and aerobic conditioning.
