End of Cold War

Question 1

1968

Answer 1

• Prague Spring

- Brezhnev Doctrine

Question 2

Jan 1969

Answer 2

Nixon ushered in a period of detente

Question 3

1972

Answer 3

• SALT talks started; Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty signed

- Nixon visits Beijing

Question 4

1973

Answer 4

US withdrawal from Vietnam

Question 5

1974

Answer 5

Nixon withdraws due to Watergate scandal

Question 6

1976

Answer 6

Jimmy Carter becomes President; detente begins to stall

Question 7

1979

Answer 7

Thatcher becomes UK PM

Question 8

Dec 1979

Answer 8

Soviet invasion of Afghanistan

Question 9

1980

Answer 9

Carter’s State of the Union Address

Question 10

1981

Answer 10

Reagan becomes US President - abandons detente, renewal of arms race + Hawkish hardline stance in first term

Question 11

Mar 1981

Answer 11

US aids Contra rebels in Nicaragua

Question 12

Oct 1981

Answer 12

Invasion of Grenada

Question 13

Nov 1981

Answer 13

Reagan proposes zero option for all intermediate range missiles

Question 14

May 1982

Answer 14

START talks begin but Soviets leave negotiations by end of year

Question 15

Mar 1983

Answer 15

Reagan’s Evil Empire Speech

Question 16

Nov 1983

Answer 16

USA stations Pershing II missiles in West Germany

“Able-Archer 83” is conducted

Question 17

1984

Answer 17

Reagan pressured to take less aggressive stance - strength of Freeze movements forced him to be more open to armament cuts

Question 18

Mar 1985

Answer 18

Gorbachev new leader of USSR - renounces Brezhnev Doctrine and resumes START talks

Question 19

Jul 1985

Answer 19

Soviet unilateral moratorium on nuclear tests

Question 20

Nov 1985

Answer 20

Geneva Summit

• established personal relationship and willingness for diplomacy and talks
• US refusal to budge on SDI and Pershing IIs long as SS-20s existed
• Despite lack of agreement, Gorby extended unilateral moratorium for another year as a show of goodwill and sincerity

Question 21

Jan 1986

Answer 21

Gorbachev proposal of stage by stage arms reduction program

Question 22

Feb 1986

Answer 22

Introduction of Glasnost and Perestroika by Gorbachev

Question 23

Oct 1986

Answer 23

Reykjavik Summit

Question 24

Feb 1987

Answer 24

Soviet agree to delink SDI from INF discussions, offering initial zero-option proposed by US

Question 25

Sept 1987

Answer 25

US proposes double zero option

Question 26

Dec 1987

Answer 26

Reagan and Gorbachev sign INF Treaty

Question 27

Jun 1988

Answer 27

Moscow Summit

Question 28

Dec 1988

Answer 28

Gorbachev announces de-ideologisation of Soviet foreign policy at UN

Question 29

1989

Answer 29

Successive fall of EE Communist Governments

Question 30

Nov 1989

Answer 30

Fall of Berlin Wall

Question 31

Dec 1989

Answer 31

Malta Summit - declaration of end of CW between Bush and Gorbachev

Question 32

Mar 1990

Answer 32

Reunification of East and West Germany

Question 33

June 1990

Answer 33

Washington Summit

• 30% cut in nuclear arsenal
• Soviet troops in Europe withdrawn

Question 34

Nov 1990

Answer 34

Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe signed

Question 35

Jul 1991

Answer 35

Signing of START I Treaty: Bush and Gorbachev

Question 36

20 Aug 1991

Answer 36

August Coup

Question 37

22 Aug

Answer 37

Coup fails; Gorbachev returns to Moscow

Question 38

26 Aug

Answer 38

Rejection of Gorbachev’s attempt to preserve USSR

Question 39

29 Aug

Answer 39

Gorbachev forced to step down as head of CSPU, which dissolves nevertheless

Question 40

25 Dec 1991

Answer 40

Gorbachev resigns and USSR dissolves

Question 41

May 1986

Answer 41

Reagan - US no longer bound by SALT II, accuses USSR of violating SALT II for developing ICBMs
- Gorby offered to negotiate on reducing medium range missiles in Asia and Europe + pledged to negotiate significant conventional force reductions, facilitating INF talks and allaying Western fears + portraying USSR commitment to disarmament and peace