End of Chapter Questions Flashcards
T/F: Wavelength is defined as the number of cycles per second
False
T/F: To achieve deeper tissue penetration, the wavelength must be increased
True
T/F: Continuous shortwave diathermy produces thermal effects
True
T/F: Wavelength is defined as the distance between the peak of once wave and peak of the next wave
True
Which of the following is NOT an electromagnetic energy modality?a. ultraviolet lightb. ultrasoundc. low-power laird. shortwave diathermy
b. ultrasound (this is sound energy)
Sound or radiation waves that change direction when passing from one type of tissue to another are said toa. transmitb. absorbc. reflectd. refract
d. refract
The ___________ states that if superficial tissue does not absorb energy, it must be transmitted deepera. Law of Grotthus-Draperb. Cosine lawc. Inverse square lawd. Arndt-Schultz principle
a. Law of Grotthus-Draper
According to the cosine law, to minimize reflection and maximize absorption, the energy source must be at a ___________ angle to the surfacea. 45 degreeb. 90 degreec. 180 degreed. 0 degree
b. 90 degree
Electrical stimulating currents may produce the following effects:a. muscle contractionb. net ion movementc. decrease in paind. all of the above
d. all of the above
Thermal energy modalities generally affect superficial tissue up to _________ cm deep.a. 5 cmb. .5 cmc. 1 cmd. 10 cm
c. 1 cm
Based on their difference characteristics, which of the following travels at greater velocity through human tissue?a. sound energyv. electromagnetic energyc. both a and b travel at the SAME rated. Neither a nor b travel through human tissue
a. sound energy
T/F: Loss of function is a sign of the inflammatory process
True
T/F: Leukocytes are present in both the acute and chronic inflammatory responses
False (only present during acute)
T/F: An injured individual’s health, age, and nutrition are factors that influence healing
True
Put the three phases of healing in order: fibroblastic-repair, inflammatory-response, maturation-remodeling
- inflammatory-response2. fibroblastic-repair3. maturation-remodeling
Which of the following type of cell has phagocytic characteristics?a. red blood cellsb. plateletsc. leukocytesd. endothelials
c. leukocytes
The extracellular matrix, formed by fibroblastic cells, consists ofa. collagenb. elasticc. ground substanced. all of the above
d. all of the above
During the inflammatory-response phase of the healing process, modalities are used toa. control painb. reduce swellingc. both a and bd. neither a nor b
c. both a and b
_____________ states that bone and soft tissue remodel and realign according to the physical demands placed on them.a. Wolff’s Lawb. Ohm’s Lawc. Meissner’s Lawd. McGill’s Law
a. Wolff’s Law
Approximately how long does the maturation-remodeling phase of the healing process last?a. less than 1 weekb. 1 weekc. 1-2 weeksd. 3 weeks to 2 years
d. 3 weeks to 2 years
Which of the following is NOT a chemical mediator involved in the inflammatory-response phase?a. testosteroneb. histaminec. necrosind. leukotaxin
a. testosterone
T/F: Stimulation of endothelial cell function and angiogenesis will promote healing by improving tissue oxygen perfusion
False
T/F: Rinsing the limb after hydrotherapy tank use will help to reduce bacterial colonization on the surface of wounds.
True
Which of the following modalities have been shown to be most likely to kill bacteria when applied to in vitro cultures of bacteria that are commonly found in chronic wounds?a. pneumatic compressionb. laserc. noncontact, nonthermal ultrasoundd. hydrotherapye. UVC
a. pneumatic compression
Which of the following modalities help to heal wounds by removing foreign or devitalized tissues (debridement)?a. electrical stimulationb. laserc. noncontact, nonthermal ultrasoundd. hydrotherapye. UVC
c. noncontact, nontheramal ultrasound
The highest level of research evidence is available for which of the following modalities to treat pressure ulcers in people with SCI?a. negative pressure therapyb. hyperbaric oxygen therapyc. therapeutic ultrasoundd. electrical stimulationc. last therapy
d. electrical stimulation
Which physiological réponse requires the strongest electrical similes or greatest electrical charge?a. subsensoryb. submotorc. motord. noxious or painful stimulie. sensory
d. noxious or painful stimuli
Which of the following changes would promote a greater depth of penetration of an electrical signal when using mono polar electrode setup?a. increase the size of the active electrodeb. improve the conductivity of the wound packing materialc. move the dispersive electrode close to the active electroded. decrease the electrical pulse frequencye. increase the intensity of the electrical signal
e. increase the intensity of the electrical signal
Which of the following modalities require the longest application time?a. therapeutic ultrasoundb. hydrotherapy tankc. UVCd. laser
b. hydrotherapy tank
Which of the following mechanisms are believed to underlie the healing response to electrical stimulation?a. galvanotaxisb. epithelial migrationc. fibroblast proliferationd. bactericidal effectse. all of the above
e. all of the above
Which of the following modalities are not generally thought to stimulate inflammatory cell function (i.e. macrophages)a. therapeutic ultrasoundb. pneumatic compression therapyc. laserd. electrical stimulatione. hydrotherapy
b. pneumatic compression therapy
Your patient has an arterial ulcer located on the distal end of her great toe. Which of the following modalities is contraindicated?a. therapeutic ultrasoundb. pneumatic compression therapyc. heat therapyd. hydrotherapye. electrical stimulation
a. therapeutic ultrasound
T/F: Both sclerotic and radiating pain may cause pin away from the site of the disorder
True