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EMT 205 > EMT 205-2 > Flashcards

EMT 205-2 Flashcards

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1
Q

what are the four types of nerve fibers that are found in most nerves

A

visceral afferent
visceral efferent
somatic afferent
somatic efferent

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2
Q

sympathetic nerve fibers are aka

A

adrenergic

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3
Q

parasympathetic nerve fibers are aka

A

cholinergic

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4
Q

what regions of the spinal cord do sympathetic fibers exit from

A

thoracic and lumbar

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5
Q

what regions of the spinal cord do parasympathetic fibers exit from

A

cranial and sacral portions

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6
Q

what two receptors does the parasympathetic nervous system have

A

nicotinic

muscarinic

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7
Q

where are nicotinic receptors found in

A

skeletal muscles

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8
Q

where are muscarinic receptors found in

A

cardiac and smooth muscles

glands and postganglionic neurons of sympathetic nervous system

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9
Q

what are the major receptor types of the of the sympathetic nervous system

A

alpha

beta

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10
Q

does norepi have a greater affinity for alpha or beta receptors

A

alpha

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11
Q

does epi have a greater affinity for alpha or beta receptors

A

equal affinity

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12
Q

what are the four categories of autonomic drugs

A

cholinergic (parasympathomimetic)
cholinergic blocking (parasympatholytic)
adrenergic (sympathomimetic)
adrenergic blocking (sympatholytic)

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13
Q

cholinergic blocking agents work by blocking the _____ effects of acetylcholine

A

muscarinic

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14
Q

what are the 3 types of adrenergic drugs

A

direct acting
indirect acting
dual acting

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15
Q

what are the 3 naturally occurring catecholamines in the body

A

epinephrine
norepinephrine
dopamine

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16
Q

_______ is a precursor to epi and norepi

A

dopamine

17
Q

indirect acting adrenergic drugs act indirectly on receptors by

A

triggering release of norepi and epi

18
Q

the 2 components of pain are

A

sensation of pain

emotional response to pain

19
Q

_______ analgesics act by a peripheral mechanism that interferes with local mediators released when tissue is damaged

A

nonnarcotic

20
Q

_____ drugs are CNS depressants, that have a reversible action on nervous tissue

A

anesthetic

21
Q

the 3 major types of anesthesia are

A

general
regional
local

22
Q

what are the major effects of sedatives and hypnotics

A

depress CNS
produce calming effect
induce sleep

23
Q

an agent is a sedative or a hypnotic depending on the

A

dose used

24
Q

what are the four actions of benzodiazepines

A

anxiety reducing
sedative-hypnotic
sleep inducing
anti-convulsant

25
Q

benzos are schedule ____ drugs because of the potential for abuse

A

4

26
Q

what four classes are barbiturates divided into based on the duration of action

A

ultra short acting
short acting
intermediate acting
long acting

27
Q

how do anticonvulsant drugs work

A

by depressing the excitability of neruons that fire to initiate a seizure and suppressing neurons responsible for the spread of the seizure discharge

28
Q

how are CNS stimulants classified

A

by where they exert their major effects on the brain

cerebum, medulla and brainstem, hypothalamic limbic regions

29
Q

amphetamines are mainly used to treate ____ and ____

A

ADD

ADHD

30
Q

effective antipsychotic drugs block ______ receptors in specific areas of the CNS

A

dopamine

31
Q

tricyclic antidepressants are though to treat depression by increasing levels of

A

norepi and serotonin

32
Q

when ach binds to nicotinic receptors an ________ response occurs

A

excitatory

33
Q

atropine blocks ______ receptors

A

muscarinic

34
Q

when ach binds to muscarinic receptors it causes an ______ or ______ response depending on the target tissue

A

excitatory or inhibatory

35
Q

how do opioid antagonists block effects of opioid analgesics

A

displacing analgesics from their receptor sites

EMT 205 (5 decks)

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