EMRG1305 TERM TEST REVIEW

Question 1

What is the germinal stage of pregnancy?

Answer 1

0-2 weeks

Question 2

What is the embryonic stage of pregnancy?

Answer 2

3-8 weeks

Question 3

What is the fetal stage of pregnancy?

Answer 3

from week 9 till birth

Question 4

What happens to the blood volume during pregnancy?

Answer 4

increases by 1.2-1.6L, normal is 4-5L

Question 5

What is supine hypotension syndrome?

Answer 5

Potential for compression of the inferior vena cava by the uterus when they lay supine after 20 weeks.
A decrease in preload, causes the decrease in cardiac output. Leading to hypotension or syncope.

Question 6

How do you position a patient that has supine hypotension syndrome?

Answer 6

Left lateral position

Question 7

When performing CPR on a pregnant patient, how should you position the patient if they are >20 weeks gestation?

Answer 7

Manually displace the abdomen to the left

Question 8

What happens to the respiratory system during pregnancy?

Answer 8

The diaphragm moves up into the chest
Stuffy, runny nose and epistaxis

Question 9

What happens to your GI system during pregnancy?

Answer 9

nausea and vomiting because of elevated progesterone.
relaxation of smooth muscle causes decreased gastric mobility = constipation.
Crowding of digestive system causes heartburn

Question 10

What happens to your metabolism during pregnancy?

Answer 10

Your metabolism increases substantially during pregnancy

Question 11

Anabolic state

Answer 11

Increase in maternal fat stores and small increases in insulin sensitivity.

Question 12

Catabolic state

Answer 12

Decreased insulin sensitivity

Question 13

Gravida

Answer 13

how many times you have been pregnant, includes miscarriages and abortions, past 20 weeks

Question 14

Para

Answer 14

of pregnancies a women carried past 28 weeks live or dead. (only babies that have come out)

Question 15

Amniotic Sac

Answer 15

the fluid filled, bag like membrane where the fetus grows

Question 16

Abortion

Answer 16

Expulsion of the fetus, from any causes before the 20th week

Question 17

Ectopic pregnancy

Answer 17

Any egg that attaches outside the uterus, usually the fallopian tube

Question 18

Primipara

Answer 18

The patient has only had one birth/delivery

Question 19

Multipara

Answer 19

The patient has had 2 or more deliveries

Question 20

Frequency of Contractions

Answer 20

Measured as the interval between. The time between the start of one contraction and the start of the next.

Question 21

Duration of a contraction

Answer 21

How long one contraction lasts- timed from when the contraction starts to when it ends

Question 22

Braxton Hicks contractions

Answer 22

False labour pains, are contractions of the uterus that typically are not felt until the second or third trimester of the pregnancy. The body’s way of preparing for true labour, but do not indicate that labour has begun.

Question 23

Stage 1- Dilation and effacement of the cervix

Answer 23

Longest stage, begins with uterine contraction that gradually increase in frequency, strength and length. Fetus descends into the pelvis. Until full dilation of 10cm. Broken down into early labour and active labour.

Question 24

Early Labour

Answer 24

Beginning of labour. Contractions are mild and irregular.
Look for bloody show- pink, red, or brown discharge.
Patient will be walking and talking through contractions.
20-30 seconds long

Question 25

Active Labour

Answer 25

Regular strong contractions.
Progressive dilation to 10cm.
Contractions are continuous and do not stop until birth.
Difficulty walking and talking through contractions, patient may be distressed. Might be vomiting and shaking.
45-60 seconds

Question 26

Stage 2

Answer 26

Starts when cervix is fully dilated to 10cm. Patient feels the urge to push.
Ends once the baby is born.
60-90 seconds.
Uterus will rise up and change shape.
Bulging perineum until presenting part is visible.

Question 27

Stage 3

Answer 27

Last from birth of baby to delivery of placenta.
Usually occurs 5-30 mins after birth.
Paramedic will see lengthening of the cord, gush or trickle of blood, uterine contraction.

Question 28

Placenta Delivery

Answer 28

Placenta separates from uterine wall, which causes a gush of blood.
Apply gentle controlled cord traction & guard the uterus with other hand.

Question 29

How to prepare

Answer 29

• Maintain patient privacy
• Prepare a delivery and resuscitation station
• Update dispatch and call for a second crew
• Get patient on firm surface with sheet or blanket underneath
• Make sure environment is warm
• Have towels and blankets
• Use sterile gloves

Question 30

Descent

Answer 30

Fetus moves down toward the pelvis and becomes engaged

Question 31

Flexion

Answer 31

Fetal chin to chest

Question 32

Internal rotation

Answer 32

Fetal occiput turns toward maternal pelvis

Question 33

Extension

Answer 33

Birth with head head facing down

Question 34

Restitution

Answer 34

Baby’s head rotates to the side

Question 35

External rotation

Answer 35

Fetus turns to deliver shoulder

Question 36

Expulsion

Answer 36

Birth of baby

Question 37

Delayed cord clamping