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History: Women > Employment > Flashcards

Employment Flashcards

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1
Q

What was the most common job for women at the start of the century?

A

Domestic service

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2
Q

Who did most girls end up marrying and what happened?

A

A boy from Wales, and they moved back home

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3
Q

What did domestic servants receive?

A

Bed, board and uniform

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4
Q

What time did a domestic servants day start and finish?

A

6.30am to 10.30pm

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5
Q

What tasks did domestic servants do?

A

Clean fireplaces, make beds, mend clothes, being hot water to the family in their rooms

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6
Q

What was the best job a domestic servant could be promoted to and what did it involve?

A

A ladies maid- helped the lady of the house get dressed and do her hair

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7
Q

What would happen after domestic servants married?

A

They would give up their job and move back home

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8
Q

How many days off did domestic servants have?

A

1 evening a week, half day on Sunday

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9
Q

Where did most Welsh girls go after finishing school at the start of the century?

A

To England to work in manor houses as domestic servants

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10
Q

Where was the textile trade common?

A

Yorkshire and Lancashire

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11
Q

What was the main job of a woman working in the textiles trade?

A

Spin and weave cloth using machinery

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12
Q

What were conditions like in textile factories?

A

Very poor, dirty and I’ll ventilated, insufficiently heated

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13
Q

What shifts did 14 year old girls often work in textile factories?

A

12 hours

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14
Q

How many women were in paid employment in 1918 compared to pre 1914?

A

1918- 6.19 million

1914- 4 million

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15
Q

What jobs did women do during WW1?

A

Voluntary work: Red Cross

Men’s jobs: Van drivers

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16
Q

What happened in 1916?

A

Conscription

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17
Q

What was dilution?

A

The government’s agreement with trade unions that women could do jobs usually done by men for the period of the war

18
Q

What were women who worked in munitions, during WW1, known as?

A

Munitionettes

19
Q

Why were Munitionettes often called canaries?

A

Exposure to TNT turned their skin yellow

20
Q

What was the job of Munitionettes?

A

To produce shells

21
Q

Why did working in munitions change the social lives of women?

A

The became a very close group of friends and would go out together etc

22
Q

What roles did women play in the uniformed services during WW1?

A

Women’s Royal Air Force

Women’s Royal Naval Service

23
Q

Why were women in the Air Force known as penguins during WW1?

A

They couldn’t fly

24
Q

How many women were in the Women’s Royal Naval Service in 1917?

A

3000

25
Q

How many women were in the Women’s Royal Air Force in 1918?

A

32,000

26
Q

When was the Land Army created?

A

1915

27
Q

What did women in the Land Army do?

A

Picked potatoes, tended animals, collect harvest, ploughed land and felled timber

28
Q

Why did WW2 disrupt women’s lives?

A

Children evacuated

Rationing affected shopping and cooking

29
Q

When was the WW2 conscription?

A

1941

30
Q

What did the conscription of 1941 mean?

A

Unmarried women aged 20-30 had to work

31
Q

When was the conscription of 1941 extended and what did it mean?

A

1943- Extended to married women aged 18-50

32
Q

Where did women work during the Second World War?

A

Weapons factories
Armed services
Land

33
Q

What allowed mothers to work during WW2?

A

Nurseries set up

34
Q

What did women produce in munitions factories during WW2?

A

Guns, aircraft, tanks and munitions

35
Q

How long were typical shifts in munitions factories during WW2?

A

10 hours

36
Q

How many women worked in the armed services during WW2?

A

475,000

37
Q

What was the ATS?

A

Women’s Auxiliary Territorial Services

38
Q

What was the WRENS?

A

Women’s Naval Service

39
Q

What was the WAAF?

A

Women’s Auxiliary Air Force

40
Q

What jobs did women do in the armed services during WW2?

A

Drove service vehicles, flew warplanes between bases staffed anti-aircraft guns

History: Women (3 decks)

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