Employee and Labor Relations Flashcards
What is the name of the institution that researches hazards, conducts employer training, and recommends standards?
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
While neither party is required to make concessions, this mandate requires both the union and employer to negotiate on matters within the scope of representation.
Bargaining in good faith
An employee is hospitalized after a serious work-related accident; what must the employer do within 24 hours?
Notify OSHA
Under the OSHA Bloodborne Pathogens standard, employers must:
- Establish a written exposure control plan.
- Provide training to affected employees.
- Make clean-up kits available.
- Provide Hepatitis-B vaccines.
Define “agency shop.”
Requires bargaining unit members to pay the equivalent of union dues and fees to the union, but does not require actual union membership.
To increase employee satisfaction with the organization’s proposed new safety program, what action should the employer take?
Involve the workers in creating the plan.
What limits does the Norris-LaGuardia Act impose on US courts?
Substantially limits the jurisdiction and authority of the courts to issue restraining orders and injunctions in cases involving labor disputes.
After an employee is seriously injured on the job, what should the employer do next?
Conduct an accident investigation to determine causes and possible preventions.
Describe the details of the “Gissel Doctrine” court decision.
The court gave approval for authorization cards as a substitute for an election when the employer’s actions amount to an unfair labor practice.
Define “arbitration.”
A process in which the parties involved agree to submit an unresolved dispute to a neutral third party, whose decision is final and binding.
A non-resident alien who is paid by a U.S.-based company, but works in a foreign country other than his or her home country is known as __________.
Third-country national
Increasing the amount of an employee’s job duties is known as:
Job enlargement
What is the purpose of an Org Chart?
Visually defines employees’ roles, functions, reporting relationships, and who has the decision-making responsibility.
When employees know they are being studied and therefore perform differently, it is known as the _____________.
Hawthorne Effect
One leadership theory is the “path-goal view,” which recognizes what 4 kinds of leadership behavior?
- Directive leadership
- Supportive leadership
- Participative leadership
- Achievement-oriented leadership
Define “job enrichment.”
Adding tasks to a job to increase the job’s complexity, challenge, and responsibility.
What is the most important task for the HR department during a reorganization?
To provide information, updates, and answers to employees.
Comparing internal measures of productivity performance to similar measures in other organizations is known as _________.
Benchmarking
A form of organizational structure in which there are clearly defined corporate levels with rigid top-down control.
Hierarchical or Pyramid
In forecasting demand for employees, the most difficult problem is:
Aligning the need for personnel with the business plan.
Employers commonly implement what rule as a holiday absence control practice?
Require employees to work the day before and after a holiday to be eligible for holiday pay.
What is required if the goal of top management is to create alignment and purpose between the disparate disciplines within an organization?
Clearly communicated corporate goals
Per McGregor’s model, Theory X managers view people as lazy, not very bright, and irresponsible. Theory Y managers view people as ________.
Basically motivated, bright, responsible, and wanting control over their work and lives.
Innovation cultures are most prized by organizations that compete in markets defined by:
Rapid change and advancement
There are two major leader behaviors. One focuses on people and interpersonal relationships. What is the focus of the other?
Task accomplishment
Define “attrition.”
Reducing the workforce of an organization by simply not replacing those employees who retire or quit.
What is the essential requirement for the HR manager to obtain to ensure success of any new project?
Top management support
What is the most common mistake associated with the use of employee attitude surveys?
Survey results are not responded to by management.
When selecting instructional methods, what 3 points should be kept in mind?
- Who is the audience?
- What do they need to learn?
- How are we going to deliver the information?
When training sessions are held before or after regular work hours, trainees should receive overtime pay unless what 3 conditions apply?
- Training is voluntary—employees do not have to attend to keep their jobs.
- No productive work is involved.
- Training will teach employees a new, different, or additional skill, but is not designed to make them more efficient at their present jobs.
Time spent in training courses within the regular workday is considered time worked. True or false?
True
The greatest cost factor for employee training is __________.
Trainee hours lost from production
An on-the-job union representative who carries out the responsibilities of the union, in the plant, at the departmental level is known as a(n):
Shop steward
Define “unfair labor practice (ULP).”
When employers or unions violate employees’ or each other’s LMRA-protected rights.
Which act created a “Bill of Rights” for union members to combat wrongdoing and to limit control or union leadership?
Labor Management Reporting/Disclosure Act (also known as the Landrum-Griffin Act)
A Supreme Court case in which the court ruled that the employer-created “action committees” comprised of both employees and managers that met to discuss working conditions, and were a violation of the NLRA is known as:
Electromation
An unlawful boycott in which workers pressure an employer that is not directly involved in a dispute is called a _______ boycott.
Secondary
When leaders are compelled to hold a performance management discussion with under-performing employees, what are the essential communication requirements for the leader?
Be clear, direct, factual, and concise.
An individual appointed to impartially investigate internal complaints, report findings, and facilitate equitable settlements is a(n):
Ombudsman
Define the “Right-to-Work” concept.
Prohibits agreements requiring membership in a labor organization as a condition of employment.
This is a method of satisfying legal arguments without going to court.
Alternative dispute resolution
Basic steps in dealing with the issue of violence in the workplace is for an HR manager to establish:
A selection system that screens out potentially violent applicants, coupled with a zero-tolerance policy.
How long must employee medical records be kept?
For the duration of the employee’s tenure with the company plus 30 years.
_____________ is a field of study that evaluates and designs workplaces, environments, jobs, tasks, equipment, and processes in relation to human capabilities and interactions.
Ergonomics
Which provision requires virtually all employers to provide employees with a workplace free from recognized hazards?
The General Duty Clause of the Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) Act of 1970
Define “teratogens.”
Chemical, physical, and biological agents that may cause infertility, impotence, spontaneous abortion, low birth weight, congenital mental retardation, and other genetic diseases.
What are the 4 requirements of the Hazard Communication Standard?
- Written program
- Label all hazardous chemicals
- Safety Data Sheets (SDS)
- Training for workers
Define “Boulwarism.”
A collective bargaining approach in which management presents its entire proposal as its final offer, holding nothing back for further negotiations. This is illegal and is not good faith bargaining.
Before setting up a security program or making changes in an existing one, the Safety Manager should perform a thorough ________.
Security audit to determine the program needs
What must a union win in order to prevail during a representation election?
A simple majority of the votes cast in the election (50% + 1)
Which act is a comprehensive federal law granting employees of private employers broad rights to form or join unions and to engage in collective activity?
National Labor Relations Act (also called the Wagner Act)
A handy acronym for prohibited activity of supervisors involved in coercing employees with regard to union activities is TIPS. What does TIPS stand for?
Threats, Interrogation, Promises, Surveillance
A non-binding dispute resolution technique in which parties discuss their disputes with a trained, impartial outsider who assists them in attempting to reach a mutually acceptable agreement is called:
Mediation
Define “union shop.”
A workplace that requires employees to become union members (may be unlawful in Right-to-Work states)
The process of removing a union as the certified representative of employees within a bargaining unit is called _________.
Decertification
What percentage of bargaining unit employees have to sign authorization cards so that a petition for a representation election can be filed with the NRB?
30%
