Empiric Abx Therapy Flashcards
1
Q
True Drug Allergy
A
Raised hives, angioedema, anaphylaxis, quick onset (within minutes), with repeated exposure
2
Q
Drug Intolerance
A
- GI distress
- REd Man Syndrome ( Vancomycin Infusion Reaction)
- Photosensitivity
- Benign Rash
- slow onset (hours, days)
3
Q
Bugs Associated with Bacterial Meningitis
A
4
Q
Bugs Associated with Otitis Media
A
Strep pneumonia, Moraxella, HIB
5
Q
Bugs Associated with Pneumonia
A
6
Q
Induced Resistance
A
M-SPA/ICE
- Morganella, Serratia, Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, Indole (+), Citrobater, Enterobacter
7
Q
Breakpoint
A
The MIC over which a specific bug is no longer considered susceptible to a drug
8
Q
Monitoring peak vs trough
A
- peak = efficacy
- trough = safety
- mentioned in lecture: aminoglycosides and vancomycin
9
Q
Key Bugs for Community Acquired Pneumonia
A
- Strep Pneumoniae
- Haemophilus influenzae
- Moraxella catarrhalis
- Atypical bacteria
10
Q
tx of CAP: non severe/outpatient vs moderate severity/low severity + comorbidities
A
- non-severe/outpatient:
- azythromycin (covers atypicals + strep)
- moderate severity/ low severity + comorbidities:
- beta-lactam + doxycycline
- OR fluoroquinolones: moxifloxacin, levofloxacin
11
Q
respiratory fluoroqinoloes
A
- moxifloxacin
- levofloxacin
12
Q
When to tx UTIs
A
- MUST have clinical symptoms
- only asymptomatic tx of UTIs in:
- pregnant
- immunocompromised
- with urological abnormalities
13
Q
UTIs are considered complicated if they have one or more of the following:
A
- Male
- Elderly
- Hospital-acquired
- Pregnancy
- Indwelling Urinary Catheter
- Function/anatomical abnormality of the urinary tract
- recent abx use
- sxs > 7 days by presentation
- diabetes
- immunosuppression
14
Q
Most common UTI bugs
A
- Proteus, E.coli, Klebsiella
- Staph saphrophyticus
- Enterococcus
- Pseudomonas
15
Q
Abx for Cystitis
A
- Nitrofurantoin x 5 days
- TMP/SMX x 3 days (Bactrim)
- Fluoroquinolones (not moxi) x 3 days
