Emotional/ moral Development

Question 1

Ainsworth’s strange situation

Answer 1

observed the infants attachment to caregiver

Question 2

Insecure disorganized babies

Answer 2

Babies are disorganized and disoriented, fearfulness around care givers

Question 3

According to Dale Stack what shapes a child’s emotional competence

Answer 3

parenting behaviours affect children’s emotional competence over time and acorss

Question 4

What does temperament involve

Answer 4

Individual differences in behavioural styles, emotions, and characteristics ways of responding.

Question 5

What did Chess and Thomas classify infants as in regards to temperament?

Answer 5

easy, difficult or slow to warm up to

Question 6

John Bowlby ethological theory stresses that

Answer 6

The importance of attachment in the first year of life, that both infants and their primary caregivers are biologically predisposed to form attachments

Question 7

Bowlbys conceptualization of attachment (Phase one)

Answer 7

from birth to 2 months infants instinctively orient to humans figures

Question 8

Bowlbys conceptualization of attachment (Phase two)

Answer 8

2-7 months attachment becomes focused on one figure, normally the primary caregiver

Question 9

Bowlbys conceptualization of attachment (Pase three)

Answer 9

7-24 months actively seek contact with regular caregivers, such as mother or father

Question 10

Bowlbys conceptualization of attachment (Phase 4)

Answer 10

24 months on, children start to understand the goals and intentions of the attachment figure

Question 11

Securely attached babies

Answer 11

Babies who use the caregiver as a secure base from which to explore the environment

Question 12

Insecure avoidant babies

Answer 12

Babies who show insecurity by avoiding the caregiver

Question 13

Insecure resistant babies

Answer 13

Cling to caregiver and then resist caregiver when they return

Question 14

Social conventional reasonings

Answer 14

focus on conventional rules established by social consensus

Question 15

Heteronomous morality

Answer 15

The first stage of development in piagets theory, occurring from 4-7 years of age, rules are unchangeable

Question 16

Autonomous

Answer 16

The second stage of development in piagtes theory, occurring at 10 years of age and older, children become aware of rules and laws, know the intention of the actions.

Question 17

immanent justice

Answer 17

piagets concept of the childhood expectation that if a rule is broken it will be punished immediately

Question 18

What is altruism

Answer 18

an unselfish interest in helping anther person

Question 19

what does benevolence mean

Answer 19

giving special consideration to individuals in a disadvantaged condition

Question 20

social conventional reasoning

Answer 20

focuses on conventional rules created by social consensus

Question 21

Rothbart and Bates 3 characteristic that structure temperament

Answer 21

Extraversion
Negative affectivity
Effortful control

Question 22

Children with high and stable heart rate, high levels of cortisol and more activity in the right frontal lobe are more________

Answer 22

inhibited temperament

Question 23

Freud believed that infants become attached to the person that _____

Answer 23

Freud believed that infants became attached to the person or object the provided oral satisfaction