Emotion, Stress, & Health/Substance Abuse Flashcards
What are the components of emotion?
o Cognitions- “This is a dangerous situation”
o Feelings- “I’m afraid”
o Physiological changes- increased heart and breathing rates
o Actions- Running away
What are the two types of Nervous System Branches
Sympathetic (fight-or-flight) Parasympathetic (rest-and-digest)
What are the Brain Areas for Emotion
Amygdala, hypothalamus, hippocampus, and prefrontal cortex
What is the Brain part that is known for perceiving particular emotion in someone’s expression
Amygdala
Which Behavioral System is associated with Anger and is located in the left hemisphere?
Behavioral Activation System (BAS)
Where is the Behavioral Activation System (BAS) located?
The left hemisphere especially in the frontal & temporal lobes
Which Behavioral System is associated with attention and is located in the right hemisphere?
Shows emotions of fear and disgust.
Behavioral Inhibition System (BIS)
What is the name of the three-stage process your body goes through when responding to stress?
General Adaptation Syndrome
What system regulates the body’s response to stress?
The HPA axis ( hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal )
During the initial stage of Selye’s general adaptation syndrome,
the adrenal glands release ___________, which stimulates the
sympathetic nervous system to ready the body for brief
emergency activity.
Epinephrine
What is Stress defined by Hans Selye (1979)?
The nonspecific response of the body
to any demand made upon it
Prolonged stress can impair the __________
Immune System
What are the 3 stages of General Adaptation Syndrome?
Alarm: Initial fight-or-flight response, body mobilizes resources.
Resistance: Body tries to adapt to stressor, resources deplete over time.
Exhaustion: Prolonged stress leads to physical and mental breakdown.
Emotion is _________.
Cognitive evaluations,
subjective changes, autonomic and neural arousal, and impulses
to action.
________ is important for many types of reinforcing experiences.
The nucleus accumbens
Emotion has components including ___________,
such as increased heart rate and breathing rate
Physiological changes
__________, consists of the forebrain areas surrounding
the thalamus, has been regarded as critical for emotion
The limbic system
Antagonist
Blocks the effects of a neurotransmitter.
Agonist
Mimics the effects of a neurotransmitter.
Causes of Substance Abuse can be…
Genetics, environmental factors, brain abnormalities, or behavioral predictors.
In which brain region and with which neurotransmitter is the brain’s reward system primarily associated?
The nucleus accumbens and Dopamine
Nucleus Accumbens
Involved in reward, motivation, and emotional processing.
Research suggests that __________ release might be essential
for all addictions and all substance abuse.
Dopamine
What hormone does the anterior pituitary gland secrete during stress?
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
