emotii Flashcards
What are emotions?
A subjective sensation experienced as a type of psycho-physiological arousal.
What are emotions the result of?
- Perception of environmental stimuli
- Neural and hormonal responses to perceptions (feelings)
- A cognitive appraisal of the situation arousing the state
- An outward expression of the state
What are Darwin’s theories of emotions?
Emotional expressions are inherited and functional.
They occur as a direct action of the nervous system.
Continuity in emotional expression between animals and humans.
Emotions serve an adaptive response to ensure survival.
E.g. raising eyebrows - maximises scanning the environment
What did Ekman propose?
There is universal neurophysiology so we use the same facial muscles in facial expressions.
But there are culture differences in the expression of emotion
7 Universal expressions of emotion:
- anger
- happiness
- fear
- surprise
- disgust
- sadness
- contempt
What is the James-Lange theory of emotion
The theory that emotional feelings come when somebody becomes aware of a physiological response to an emotion-provoking stimulus.
E.g you notice faster heartbeat
What is Cannon’s critique of the James-Lange theory?
Our body changes are sometimes too slow to impact emotional changes.
Separating of the viscera from the brain following lesions to the spinal cord does not impair emotional experience.
What is the Cannon-Bard theory of emotion?
The theory that an emotion-provoking stimulus is transmitted simultaneously to the cortex, providing the feeling of emotion and to the sympathetic nervous system, causing the physiological arousal.
What is the Schachter-Singer theory of emotion?
A 2 stage theory stating that for an emotion to occur, there must be:
- Physiological arousal
- An explanation for the arousal
It accounts for subjective interpretation
Emotional experience depends on how we label the stimulus
What is disgust?
Gestures to push away or guard against offensive objects.
Disgust responses are observed across all cultures and societies.
What is the difference between distaste and disgust?
Distaste: an innate rejection of certain foods based upon sensory factors.
Disgust is considered fully developed at the age of 8.
Disgust involves distaste, but adds on ideational factors, which are fostered by culture.
What are the 3 ways to measure emotion?
Body/physical
Thoughts
Behaviours
