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R-22 > Emergency Procedures > Flashcards

Emergency Procedures Flashcards

1
Q

Power Failure General

A

Indications:
Low RPM Horn
Engine Failure: Change in Noise, Nose LEFT yaw, Oil Press Light, decreasing engine RPM

Drive failure: unusual noise/vibration, Nose right or left yaw, decreasing Rotor RPM w/ Increasing Engine RPM

Action: Lower collective to enter autorotation
Caution: Use aft cyclic at hi speed
Caution: Do not apply aft cyclic during touchdown or ground slide …prevent blade strike to tailcone.

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2
Q

Power Failure > 500 Ft AGL

A
  1. Lower Collective Immediately
  2. Establish glide approx. 65 KIAS (Max Glide 75 KIAS/90% Rotor RPM
    3.Collective to 97-110% Rotor RPM, full down if light weight prevents attaining 97%.
  3. Select landing spot & altitude permitting land into wind
  4. Restart pilot’s discretion..w/sufficient time available
  5. If no restart–unnecessary switches & fuel OFF
  6. Approx 40’ AGL – begin cyclic flare to reduce ROD and fwd speed
  7. About 8’ AGL – FWD cyclic to level ship and raise collective just before touchdown to cushion landing. Touch down level w/ Nose straight ahead
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3
Q

Power Failure 8’ to 500’ AGL

A
  1. Lower Collective immediately
  2. Collective for 97-110% RPM. Full down if light weight prevents attaining 97%
  3. Maintain airspeed until ground is approached, then begin cyclic flare to reduce ROD and FWD speed.
  4. About 8’ AGL, FWD cyclic to level ship & raise collective just before touchdown to cushion landing. Touch down level attitude and straight ahead
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4
Q

Power failure below 8’ AGL

A
  1. Apply Right pedal as req’d
  2. Allow aircraft to settle.
  3. Raise collective just before touchdown to cushion landing.
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5
Q

Maximum Glide Distance Configuration

A
  1. Airspeed approx. 75 KIAS
  2. Rotor RPM approx 90%
  3. Best Glide ratio about 4:1 – 1 NM/1500’ AGL
    Caution: Increase Rotor RPM to 97% minimum autorotating below 500’ AGL
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6
Q

Air Restart Procedure

A
  1. Mixture – Full Rich
  2. Primer (if installed) – down & locked
  3. Throttle – closed, then cracked slightly
  4. Actuate starter w/ left hand
    Caution: Do not attempt restart if engine malfunction suspected or before safe autorotation established.
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7
Q

Emergency Water Landing – Power Off

A
  1. Use Power failure procedure. Unlatch doors (Time Permitting)
  2. Apply lateral cyclic when aircraft contacts water to stop rotors
  3. Release seat belt and quickly clear aircraft when rotors stop
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8
Q

Emergency water landing – Power On

A
  1. Descend to hover above water
  2. Unlatch doors
  3. Passenger exit aircraft.
  4. Fly to safe distance from passenger to avoid possible injury by rotors
  5. Switch battery and alternator OFF
  6. Roll throttle off into overtravel spring.
  7. Keep aircraft level and apply full collective when aircraft contacts water
  8. Apply lateral cyclic to stop rotors
  9. Release seat belt & quickly clear aircraft when rotors stop
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9
Q

Loss of tail rotor thrust in forward flight

A

Indication: Nose RIGHT yaw uncorrected by left pedal
1. Immediately enter autorotation
2. Maintain at least 70 KIAS (if practical)
3. Select landing site, roll throttle off into overtravel spring, and perform autorotation landing
Note: When suitable landing site not available the vertical stab may permit limited controlled flight at low power settings and airspeed above 70KIAS; however, prior to reducing airspeed, enter full autorotation.

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10
Q

Loss of tail rotor thrust in Hover

A

Indication: Nose Right Yaw
1. Immediately roll throttle off into overtravel spring & allow aircraft to settle
2. Raise collective just before touchdown to cushion landing

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11
Q

Headset Audio Failure

A

Land as soon as practical
Caution: For aircraft that provide low RPM horn through audio system, pilot will not hear horn with failed headset

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12
Q

Engine Fire During Start (Ground)

A
  1. Cranking – Continue & attempt to start..suck flames into engine.
  2. If engine starts, run 50-60% RPM short time
  3. Mixture – OFF
  4. Fuel valve –OFF
  5. Battery switch – OFF
  6. Apply rotor brake to stop rotors (time permitting)
  7. Exit helicopter
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13
Q

Engine Fire in Flight

A
  1. Enter Autorotation
  2. Cabin Heat – OFF (if installed & time permits)
  3. Cabin Vent – ON (if time permits)
  4. If engine is running, perform normal landing, then fuel mixture OFF & fuel valve OFF
    —-If engine stops running, fuel valve OFF and complete autorotation landing
  5. Battery switch – OFF
  6. If time permits, apply rotor brake to stop rotors.
  7. Exit helicopter.
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14
Q

Electrical Fire In Flight

A
  1. Battery & Alternator – OFF
  2. Open cabin vents
  3. Land immediately.
  4. Fuel mixture OFF and fuel valve OFF
  5. Apply rotor brake to stop rotors (time permitting)
  6. Exit helicopter
    Caution: Low RPM warning and governor are INOP w/ battery and alternator both off
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15
Q

Tachometer Failure

A

If rotor or engine tach malfunctions, use remaining tach to monitor RPM. If it is not clear which tach is malfunctioning or both tachs malfunction, allow governor to control RPM and land as soon as practical

Note: Each tach, the governor, and low RPM horn are on separate power circuits. A special circuit allows the battery to supply power to the tachs with battery and alternator switches both off.

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16
Q

Governor Failure

A

Grip throttle firmly to override governor, then switch governor OFF. Complete flight using manual throttle control

17
Q

Warning/Caution: OIL

A

Indicates loss of engine power or oil pressure.
-Check engine tach for power loss
-Check oil pressure gage….if pressure loss confirmed – Land Immediately

18
Q

Warning/Caution: MR TEMP/MR CHIP/TR CHIP

A

MR TEMP: Indicates excessive temp in main rotor gearbox
MR CHIP: Indicates metallic particles in main rotor gearbox
TR CHIP: Indicates metallic particles in tail rotor gearbox

Note: If light accompanied by indication of problem ….Noise, vibration, or temp rise, Land immediately. If no other indication of problem, land as soon as practical

Note: Break-in fuzz will occasionally activate chip lights. If no metal chips or slivers found on detector plug, clean and reinstall (tail rotor gearbox must be refilled with new oil). Hover for at least 30 minutes. If chip light comes on again, replace gearbox before further flight.

19
Q

Warning/Caution: LOW FUEL

A

Indicates approx. 1.5 Gal usable fuel (bladder style tanks). Engine will run out of fuel – 10 minutes at cruise power (bladder style tanks)

20
Q

Warning/Caution: CLUTCH

A

Indicates clutch actuator circuit is on, either engaging or disengaging clutch. When switch is in the ENGAGE position, light stays on until belts are properly tensioned. Never take off before light goes out.

Note: Clutch light may come on momentarily during run-up or during flight to retension belts…If lights flickers or does not go out within 10 seconds, pull CLUTCH C/B and land as soon as practical. Reduce power and land immediately if there are other indications of drive system failure (be prepared to enter autorotation).

21
Q

Warning/Caution: ALT

A

Indicates low voltage and possible alternator failure.
Turn OFF nonessential electrical equipment and switch ALT off & on after 1 second to reset alternator control unit. If light stays on land as soon as practical. Continued flight with alternator can result in loss of power to tachometers….

22
Q

Warning/Caution: STARTER ON

A

Indicates starter motor engaged. If light does not go out when ignition switch is released, immediately pull mixture off and turn battery switch off. (service starter motor)

23
Q

Warning/Caution: LOW RPM

A

Indicates rotor <97% RPM. Immediately lower collective, roll throttle on and, in forward flight, apply aft cyclic. Light is disabled when collective is full down.

24
Q

Warning/Caution: GOV OFF

A

Indicates engine RPM governor is switched OFF

25
Q

Warning/Caution: CARBON MONOXIDE

A

Indicates elevated levels of CO in cabin.
Shut off heater.
Open Nose & Door vents
If hovering, land or transition to FWD flight. If symptoms of CO poisoning ….land immediately

26
Q

Warning Caution: BRAKE

A

Indicates rotor brake is engaged. Release immediately in flight or before starting engine

27
Q

Warning/Caution: FULL THROTTLE

A

Indicates engine near full throttle. Governor will be ineffective because it cannot increase throttle to maintain RPM. Lower collective as req’d to extinguish light.

28
Q

Audio Alerts: LOW RPM HORN

A

Through speaker on side of instrument console in earlier a/c or thru audio system on later a/c. Activates simultaneously with LOW RPM caution light –indicates 97% RPM.
Lower collective, roll throttle on and, in fwd flight, apply aft cyclic. ***Horn and Light disable with collective full down.

29
Q

Audio Alerts: HIGH RPM WARBLE

A

Later a/c..warble (hi/low tone) in audio system indicates rotor speed approaching 110% RPM limit. Raise collective as req’d…

30
Q

AD95-26-04: RIGHT ROLL IN LOW G CONDITION

A

Gradually apply aft cyclic to restore positive G & maintain rotor thrust. DO NOT APPLY lateral cyclic until positive G forces established

31
Q

AD95-26-04: UNCOMMANDED PITCH, ROLL, OR YAW RESULTING FROM FLIGHT IN TURBULENCE

A

Gradually apply controls to maintain rotor RPM, positive G and eliminate sideslip. Minimize cyclic control inputs in turbulence. DO not overcontrol.

32
Q

AD95-26-04: INADVERTENT ENCOUNTER WITH MODERATE, SEVERE, OR EXTEREME TURBULENCE

A

If area of turbulence is isolated, depart the area; otherwise land as soon as practical.

R-22 (4 decks)

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