Emergency Preparedness

Question 1

What is a disaster?

Answer 1

results of vast breakdown in the relationship between humans and their environment, a serious or sudden event on such a scale that the community needs fat out number resources

Question 2

Hurricanes

Answer 2

• deaths are from drowning and injuries from flying debris due to winds
• nurses can be instrumental in providing direct emergency care

Question 3

Tornados

Answer 3

• primary hazard risk for injuries from flying debris

- desolation of community resources

Question 4

Earthquakes

Answer 4

• people caught underneath rubble

- injured by failing debris

Question 5

Tsunami

Answer 5

Injury and death due to drowning and trauma from massive forceful waves

-cities demolished

Question 6

Flooding

Answer 6

• may happen quickly or develop over time
• primary hazard is drowning
• long term hazard is the development of dz from contaminated water and lack of hygiene

Question 7

Terrorism

Answer 7

• department of defense estimates that as many as 26 nations possess chemical or biological agents
• 10 countries are believes to possess biological agents as weapons
• the attack can take many forms
• aerosolized agents

Question 8

Anthrax

Answer 8

• flu like symptoms
• fatal if not treated quickly
• found in the environment

Question 9

Botulism

Answer 9

• from the toxins produced by clostridium botulinum
• inhalation or ingestion from food or water
• spore forming

Question 10

Plague

Answer 10

transmitted person to person

Question 11

Small Pox

Answer 11

• presents as a rash

- transmitted by contact with lesions or inhaling

Question 12

Tularemia

Answer 12

• skin infections
• pulmonary infections
• transmitted by blood and body fluids

Question 13

Nuclear and Radiological attacks

Answer 13

-injury comes from the explosion and the radioactive contamination

Question 14

FEMA

Answer 14

Federal Emergency Management Agency

-primary purpose is to coordinate the response to a disaster that has occurred in the US and that overwhelms the resources of local and state authorities

Question 15

Phases of Disaster

Answer 15

1. Mitigation
2. Preparedness
3. Response
4. Recovery

Question 16

Mitigation

Answer 16

lessen the impact of a disaster before it strikes

Question 17

Preparedness

Answer 17

activities undertaken to handle a disaster when it strikes

Question 18

Response

Answer 18

search and rescue, clearing debris, and feeding and sheltering victims

Question 19

Recovery

Answer 19

getting a community back to its pre-disaster status

Question 20

Triage

Answer 20

assigns priorities when resources are limited

-do the best for the greatest number of patients

Question 21

Immediate

Answer 21

-life threatening injuries that will not consume too many resources

Question 22

Delayed

Answer 22

need medical attention but do not require immediate attention such as fractures

Question 23

Minor

Answer 23

non life threatening, cuts or abrasion

Question 24

Nurses role in prevention of disease

Answer 24

• assist in dz surveillance
• distribute public stocks of drugs and vaccines
• prevent local dz transmission using containment strategies
• prepare education campaigns to reduce the spread of dz

Question 25

Shelter Management includes…

Answer 25

• organized teams
• sleeping area and necessities
• water and food handling
• sanitation
• special care for children/elderly
• health services
• surveillance and monitoring

Question 26

Communicable diseases outbreak due to..

Answer 26

• flooded sewer systems
• destruction of health care infrastructure
• interruption of normal health services geared towards communicable diseases

Question 27

Psychological Support

Answer 27

• PTSD/S
• Grief
• Fear
• Anger
• Loss of control
• stress related illnesses