Emergency medicine: Infection Flashcards

1
Q

What are the symptoms of cellulitis and how may you differentiate from DVT clinically?

A
  • Acute onset swelling of leg
  • Severe pain
  • Red, shiny, inflamed
  • oedematous - blends with rest of leg, makes border indiscriminate
  • U/L (usually)
  • Fever, rigors, malaise and nausea* typically present in cellulitis not DVT
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2
Q

What is the classification system for cellulitis? When would you admit a patient

A

Eron

- grade ≥ 3 = admission

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3
Q

What are the primary antibiotic management of cellulitis?

A
  1. phenoxymethylpenicillin + high dose flucloxacillin

2. Clarith/clind/vanc if pen allergic

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4
Q

What is the common causes of tonsillitis?

A

Viral (common) - EBV, HSV1, adenovirus

Bacterial (rare) - Group A B-haemolytic strep

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5
Q

What is the system used to determine risk of bacterial tonsillitis?

A

Centor criteria:

  1. Fever > 38
  2. White exudate on tonsils or swelling
  3. Cervical lymphadenopathy
  4. Cough absent
  5. Age 3-14 (1), ≥ 45 (-1)
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6
Q

What is the treatment for bacterial tonsillitis?

A

Benzylpenicillin (1st line)

Clarithromycin (if pen allergic)

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7
Q

What are the symptoms of acute OM?

A

Presents at 6-12 months usually

  • Painful ear
  • Red, bright bulging tympanic membrane
  • Loss of light reflex
  • Pain subsides when TM bursts –> effusion
  • Fever and irritable
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8
Q

What are the symptoms of chronic secretory OM?

A

Presents at 2-7yo

  • no pain
  • chronic effusion
  • appears inattentive
  • often does badly in school (mistaken)
  • Dull retracted and opaque tympanic membrane
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9
Q

What is the treatment for OM?

A
  1. Analgesia and temperature
    - Paracetamol
  2. Antibiotics
    - Amoxicillin or Co-amoxiclav
  3. Tympanostomy tubes
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