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HOSPI > Emergency Drug Therapy > Flashcards

Emergency Drug Therapy Flashcards

1
Q

Have traditionally acknowledge their responsibility to have developed plans for handling mass casualty emergencies in accordance with their responsibility to provide the best possible care and treatment to the communities they serve. Each type of disaster, natural, accidental, or nuclear, requires specific personnel and material resources and facilities different from one another.

A

Hospitals (Disaster Preparedness)

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2
Q

Basic Principles of Disaster Preparedness:

  • It must be ___ .
  • It must be capable of ___ .
  • It must be ___ to allow for variations in the type of disaster.
  • It must be ___ to nights and weekends when the number of available staff is less than the normal day.
  • It should ___ , as much as possible to avoid the confusion of a disaster situation and because only a small number to whom the disaster plan issued will actually read it.
  • ___ should be concise and are best expressed in lists, charts, or in a loose-leaf form for ease of updating.
A
  • simple
  • taking effect immediately
  • flexible
  • adaptable
  • follow normal hospital procedures
  • Disaster manuals
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3
Q

GOALS

To contact and provide sufficient pharmacy personnel to perform the required pharmaceutical services for disaster victims and the patient needs with the hospital.

The disaster alert plan may follow a format similar to that of the service organizational chart. The plan maybe outlined as follows: (4)

A
  • Reference of the possible number of disaster casualties.
  • Pharmacy personnel and their telephone numbers.
  • The sequence of telephone calls to be made by the respective pharmacy personnel on duty when the disaster alert is called.
  • Areas of service responsibility once the pharmacy personnel arrive within the hospital.
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4
Q

GOALS

To establish a method of obtaining and providing an efficient supply of pharmaceuticals meeting the disaster needs.

This can be met by observing the following: (5)

A
  • Emergency room and disaster chart medications
  • Emergency procurement (Pharmaceutical manufacturers)
  • Drug wholesalers
  • Local community drugstores
  • Provision of networking with other hospital pharmacies, in case some requirement is not available in the hospital. (List of telephone numbers)
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5
Q

GOALS

Pharmaceuticals that may be considered for a disaster cart, solely for immediate treatment and use in triage areas, are those in the list of ___ .

A

emergency medicines

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6
Q

DISASTER COMMUNICATION AND PERSONNEL ASSIGNMENTS

Authority within the hospital pharmacy will be designated to the following personnel: (7)

A
  • Chief Pharmacist
  • Assistant Pharmacist
  • Supervising Pharmacist (at dispensing area)
  • Pharmacist in charge of supplies
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7
Q

DISASTER COMMUNICATION AND PERSONNEL ASSIGNMENTS: cont.

Depending on the time and circumstances of the disaster, the ___ or his/her representative shall decide whether additional personnel shall be called in.

A

Head of the Pharmacy Service or his/her representatives

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8
Q

DISASTER COMMUNICATION AND PERSONNEL ASSIGNMENTS: cont.

___ may be required to come in, however, no personnel should come in unless specifically notified by telephone or other communications that they are needed.

A

Off-duty personnel

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9
Q

DISASTER COMMUNICATION AND PERSONNEL ASSIGNMENTS: cont.

All ___ should come to work as normally scheduled.

A

Other pharmacy personnel

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10
Q

DISASTER CODES

When the pharmacy is notified of ___ alert, the pharmacy disaster plan is implemented only as notification of proper personnel on standby and on the preparation of supplies.

A

Code White (Disaster Code WHITE)

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11
Q

DISASTER CODE WHITE

May be adopted on the following situations:
- A strong possibility of a ___ , e.g. a coup attempt;
- Any ___ within the area;
- National or local ___ ;
- ___
- Other conditions which may be declared as disaster.

A
  • military operation;
  • planned mass action or demonstration;
  • elections plebiscites
  • National holidays or celebration;
  • disaster
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12
Q

DISASTER CODE BLUE

  • Is proclaimed when ___ are expected or suddenly brought to the hospital.
  • Once the Code Blue has been announced, all notified personnel should ___ .
  • The ___ shall immediately assemble supplies for transport of the designated ___ in the hospital.
A
  • 20-50 casualties (red tag);
  • return to the pharmacy immediately
  • supervisor of the dispensing area; Disaster Holding and Evaluation Area (DHEA)
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13
Q

DISASTER CODE BLUE

  • The ___ shall take supplies on a cart and stay to dispense supplies, maintain records and secure additional supplies as needed.
  • To replenish the supplies on the cart (if needed) and to maintain contact between the acute care and the pharmacy, one pharmacy staff shall be designated as ___ .
A
  • pharmacist;
  • “runner”
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14
Q

DISASTER CODE RED

  • Is proclaimed when more than ___ are momentarily anticipated or expected or suddenly brought to the hospital.
  • At this point, additional pharmacy personnel shall be ___ .
  • Additional ___ may be taken to the Disaster Holding and Evaluation Area (DHEA).
A
  • 50 (red flag) casualties;
  • called-in to help;
  • drug carts
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15
Q

DISASTER CODE RED

  • The ___ shall take care of dispensing the necessary drugs and medical supplies. While the ___ or ___ shall take care of the recording requirements.
  • The ___ shall assess the current stock balance and may decide to procure more or acquire additional stock through net-working.
A
  • pharmacist; clerks or other pharmacy support personnel
  • pharmacist in charge of supplies
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16
Q

HOSPITAL EMERGENCY CODES

  • Hospitals are the most common institutions that use ___ to designate emergencies. Law
    enforcement agencies, schools, and other types of healthcare facilities (such as skilled nursing homes) may also use variations on these emergency codes.
  • Hospitals often use code ___ to alert their staff to an emergency or other event. These codes can be communicated through an intercom in the hospital or directly to staff using communication devices.
A
  • color codes
  • names
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17
Q

HOSPITAL EMERGENCY CODES

  • Hospital emergency codes are coded messages often announced over a ___ of a hospital to alert staff to various classes of on-site emergencies.
  • The use of codes is intended to convey ___ and ___ while preventing stress and panic among visitors to the hospital.
A
  • public address system;
  • essential information quickly and with minimal misunderstanding to staff
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18
Q

HOSPITAL EMERGENCY CODES

  • The most common hospital codes are ___ , ___ , and ___ though use of these codes isn’t standardized in the United States.
  • Code blue indicates a ___ such as cardiac or respiratory arrest. Code red indicates ___ in the hospital. Code black typically means there is a ___ to the facility.
A
  • code blue, code red, and code black
  • medical emergency; fire or smoke; bomb threat
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19
Q

HOSPITAL EMERGENCY CODES

Code Red

A

Fire

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20
Q

HOSPITAL EMERGENCY CODES

Code Black

A

Bomb Threat/Suspicious Package

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21
Q

HOSPITAL EMERGENCY CODES

Code Purple

A

Hostage Talking

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22
Q

HOSPITAL EMERGENCY CODES

Code White

A

Actual or Potential Violent Behavior

23
Q

HOSPITAL EMERGENCY CODES

Code Yellow

A

Missing Patient (Internal Emergency)

24
Q

HOSPITAL EMERGENCY CODES

Code Brown

A

Hazardous Material Spill/Leak (External Emergency)

25
Q

HOSPITAL EMERGENCY CODES

Code Grey

A

Infrastructure Loss/Air Exclusion

26
Q

HOSPITAL EMERGENCY CODES

Code Orange

A

External Disaster

27
Q

HOSPITAL EMERGENCY CODES

Code Green

A

Evacuation

28
Q

HOSPITAL EMERGENCY CODES

Code Blue

A

Cardiac Arrest/Medical Emergency

29
Q

CRITICAL MEDICAL EMERGENCY

The most universally recognized emergency code.
Means there is a medical emergency occurring within the hospital. Healthcare providers can choose to activate a ___ , typically by
pushing an emergency alert button or dialing a specific phone number, if they feel the life of the person they are treating is in immediate danger. Many hospitals have a code blue team who will respond to the code blue within minutes. The team is comprised of: (4)

A

Code Blue

  • Doctors
  • Nurses
  • Respiratory therapist
  • Pharmacist
30
Q

CRITICAL MEDICAL EMERGENCY

Events needing an immediate response: (2)

  • There are a number of other codes hospitals may use to indicate ___ .
  • These codes can ___ , so one color may have differing or conflicting meanings at different hospitals.
A
  • emergency situations
  • vary more widely from facility to facility
31
Q

CRITICAL MEDICAL EMERGENCY

Some of the more widely used codes in hospitals include:

Blue

A

Medical Emergency (Adult)

32
Q

CRITICAL MEDICAL EMERGENCY

Some of the more widely used codes in hospitals include:

White

A

Medical Emergency (Pediatric)

33
Q

CRITICAL MEDICAL EMERGENCY

Some of the more widely used codes in hospitals include:

Pink

A

Infant Abduction

34
Q

CRITICAL MEDICAL EMERGENCY

Some of the more widely used codes in hospitals include:

Purple

A

Child Abduction

35
Q

CRITICAL MEDICAL EMERGENCY

Some of the more widely used codes in hospitals include:

Yellow

A

Bomb threat

36
Q

CRITICAL MEDICAL EMERGENCY

Some of the more widely used codes in hospitals include:

Gray

A

Violent or Combative individual

37
Q

CRITICAL MEDICAL EMERGENCY

Some of the more widely used codes in hospitals include:

Silver

A

Weapon/Hostage

38
Q

CRITICAL MEDICAL EMERGENCY

Some of the more widely used codes in hospitals include:

Orange

A

Hazardous material spill

39
Q

CRITICAL MEDICAL EMERGENCY

Some of the more widely used codes in hospitals include:

Green

A

Patient Elopement

40
Q

ROLE OF PHARMACIST
IN THE EMERGENCY DRUG UNIT

The role of the pharmacist as a member of the Emergency Department Team involved in all areas of ___ , plus other areas specific to the Emergency Department.

A

“normal” clinical pharmacy practice

40
Q

ROLE OF PHARMACIST
IN THE EMERGENCY DRUG UNIT

These include ___ , ___ , and ___ .

A
  • advice and support in emergency toxicology;
  • reporting adverse drug reactions;
  • preparation of drugs during an arrest
40
Q

ROLE OF PHARMACIST
IN THE EMERGENCY DRUG UNIT

Optimizing medication use through participation in ___ , ___ , ___ . In addition to, participation in procedures that utilize high risk medications, ___ .

A
  • direct patient care rounds;
  • medication order review;
  • medication therapy monitoring;
  • resuscitation
40
Q

ROLE OF PHARMACIST
IN THE EMERGENCY DRUG UNIT

Is also a high priority and the pharmacist is often requested to provide presentations, help write protocols, and assist with professional development programs.

A

Education

41
Q

THE ESSENTIAL ROLE OF PHARMACIST

Moreover, the pharmacist has a role in ___ , ___ , and ___ .

A
  • medication procurement and preparation;
  • provision of medication information;
  • documentation of associated interventions
42
Q

THE ESSENTIAL ROLE OF PHARMACIST: (8)

A
  • Direct Patient Care Rounds
  • Medication Order Review
  • Medication Therapy Monitoring
  • Patient Care Involving High-Risk Medications and Procedures
  • Resuscitation
  • Medication Procurement and Preparation
  • Medication Information
  • Documentation
43
Q

THE ESSENTIAL ROLE OF PHARMACIST

Firstly, because the large majority of medication errors occur in the prescribing and administration phases of the medication-use process. Moreover, it is critical for pharmacists to be involved in ___ activities.

A

Direct Patient Care Rounds

44
Q

THE ESSENTIAL ROLE OF PHARMACIST

___ in the emergency department
must comply with federal, state, and local regulations
and accreditation requirements.

A

Medication Order Review

45
Q

THE ESSENTIAL ROLE OF PHARMACIST

The development and assessment of monitoring parameters related to medication therapy are essential steps in the medication-use process

A

Medication Therapy Monitoring

46
Q

THE ESSENTIAL ROLE OF PHARMACIST

A number of high-risk medications and procedures are utilized in the emergency department.

A

Patient Care Involving High-Risk Medications and Procedures

47
Q

THE ESSENTIAL ROLE OF PHARMACIST

Pharmacists should be present during all resuscitations in the emergency department.

A

Resuscitation

48
Q

THE ESSENTIAL ROLE OF PHARMACIST

Medication procurement in the emergency department presents challenges that differ significantly from those in other areas of the hospital.

A

Medication Procurement and Preparation

49
Q

THE ESSENTIAL ROLE OF PHARMACIST

The most common cause of medication errors is a lack of information related to medication therapy.

A

Medication Information

50
Q

THE ESSENTIAL ROLE OF PHARMACIST

Research on pharmacist interventions in the inpatient setting has demonstrated improvement in patient outcomes through optimized pharmacotherapy regimens, improved monitoring of medication therapy. In addition to, avoidance of adverse medication events.

A

Documentation

HOSPI (6 decks)

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