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YR6 DERM > Emergency Derm > Flashcards

Emergency Derm Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

6 features of urticaria

A 
Erythematous
Blanching
Oedematous
Non-painful
Pruritic 
Develop rapidly (usually minutes)
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2
Q

Give 3 allergen triggers for urticaria

A

Drugs
Food
Insect bites

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3
Q

What is angio-oedema?

A

Swelling involving the dermis + subcutaneous tissue
Can occur with urticaria
Often of face, tongue, lips

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4
Q

What are major mediators in urticaria and angio-oedema?

A

Mast cells releasing histamine

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5
Q

Ix for urticaria

A

FBC
ESR
CRP

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6
Q

Tx for acute urticaria +/- angio-oedema WITHOUT airway involvement

A

Trigger avoidance
Antihistamines
Corticosteroids e.g. Prednisolone PO if severe

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7
Q

Tx for acute urticaria +/- angio-oedema WITH airway involvement

A

Adrenaline
Corticosteroids
Antihistamines IV

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8
Q

3 features of erythema multiforme

A

Mild self-limiting hypersensitivity inflammatory condition
Target lesions that resemble a bull’s eye
Erupt over 24-48 hours, last 1-2 weeks.

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9
Q

Which 2 infections are most commonly associated with erythema multiforme?

A

Herpes simplex virus

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

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10
Q

Which sites are most commonly affected in erythema multiforme?

A 
Distal extremities (Acral)
Limited/ absent mucosal involvement
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11
Q

Ix for erythema multiforme

A

FBC: raised WCC

PCR/ serology for HSV

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12
Q

Tx for erythema multiforme minor

A

Topical emolient

Topical/ oral corticosteroids

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13
Q

Tx for erythema multiforme major

A

Topical emolient

Oral/ IV corticosteroids

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14
Q

Tx for infections in erythema multiforme

A

Acyclovir if HSV

Macrolide/ Doxycycline if mycoplasma pneumoniae

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15
Q

What is Stevens-Johnson Syndrome?

A

Severe skin detachment with mucocutaneous necrosis

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16
Q

Describe the severity of Stevens-Johnson syndrome

A

More severe form of erythema multiforme major + a less severe manifestation of toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN)

17
Q

3 drug classes that may cause Stevens-Johnson syndrome

A

Anticonvulsants
Abx
NSAIDs

18
Q

3 infections that may lead to Stevens-Johnson syndrome

A

URTI
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Herpes

19
Q

Which sign may present in Stevens-Johnson syndrome?

A

Nikolsky’s sign

Epidermal layer easily sloughs off when pressure is applied to blistered/ erythematous area.

20
Q

Ix for definitive diagnosis of SJS

A

Skin biopsy

21
Q

Tx for SJS

A 
Withdrawal of causative agent
Prophylactic anticoagulant- Enoxaparin
PPI- Omeprazole
Dressings, topical antibacterial + emolient
Ophthalmological examination

YR6 DERM (15 decks)

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