EMERGENCIES Flashcards
How do you know if there is a gyro failure?
Radar switches to head-up, alarm will sound.Radar switches to head-up
* Alarm will sound
* Engage hand steering & Reduce speed
* Use 2nd gyro if available
* Inform master & engineers
* Increase bridge manning
* Use the magnetic compass to navigate
* Find a new compass areas
* Gyro feeds effects (Autopilot, RADAR, ARPA, ECDIS, Sat C)
* Regular position plots
* Use of PI’s
* Check the manual & trouble shoot
* Record in log book
* Could also send safety message GMDSS
What should you do if a mooring line falls overboard during heavy weather?
Hand steering
* Engines in neutral
* Call the master
* Risk assessment of conditions
* If not possible to launch the rescue boat to recover the mooring line
* Securite message sent out and vessels in vicinity alerted as well as coastal
authorities, ensure line is not around the running gear
What are the initial actions for a Man Overboard (MOB) situation?
Initial Action
* Throw a life-ring
*Put the wheel over where the casualty fell off
* Sound alarm ‘Oscar’ (3 prolonged blast)
* MOB button
* Commence recovery manoeuvre
* Note position & time
* Note wind speed and direction
* Inform master & engine room.
* Post look-outs
* Broadcast DISTRESS
* Set off dye marker or smoke flare.
* Inform radio operator, keep updated on position.
* Stand by the engines.
* Prepare rescue boat
* Distribute portable VHF radios to crew
* Rig pilot ladder to assist in recovery.
What should you do upon receipt of a distress message in VHF Area A1?
. 2. 3. Listen to Ch 16 for coms.
Defer for a short time to allow a coast station to answer
Acknowledge by voice (VHF Ch 16)
4. Gather information:
- Position
- Identity
- Number of persons
- Nature of distress
- Assistance required
5. 6. 7. 8. Consider Mayday relay by voice
Proceed at best speed to casualty
Establish coms. with CRS and other vessels
X band radar for SART
9. Additional look outs
10. Prep rescue boat & medical station
What is a sector search?
Position of the search object is accurately known & small area.
* Used to search a circular area around a datum point.
* Only one craft at a time at a certain location.
* An aircraft and a vessel can search the same area.
* A suitable marker may be dropped at the datum and used as a reference point.
* The commence search point is the start
What are the steps to take in case of a fire in the engine room?
FIRE - Find, Inform, Restrict, Extinguish or Escape
* FIND
- CCTV, Fire panel, send a crew member to investigate
- If the fire is small, try put it out immediately with a fire extinguisher
- Stay in bridge until relieved
.
* INFORM
- Sound fire alarm - inform master, ECR, crew & guests
- Ensure crew & guest are mustered
- inform outside world via MAYDAY
- If on the dock inform local fire department
* RESTRICT
- Slow down just enough to stay on course
- Close ventilation in engine room & slow down fans
- Close fire doors & water tight doors
- Give the captain a full appraisal of the situation
- Decide to shut-off fuel to engines
* EXTINGUISH
- At this point fire teams should be ready in their gear.
- Boundary cooling setup and ready to go if required.
- Decide to fight the fire with the fire team of fixed fire-fighting system
What actions should be taken in the event of steering gear failure?
Check all steering modes
2. Check both steering pumps
3. Call Master & ECR
4. Take way off ship, if safe
5. Engage emergency steering
6. Light & shapes (NUC)
7. Broadcast Urgency message
8. Update AIS
9. Inform VTS or port authority
What should the officer of the navigational watch ensure?
- MGN 315
Keep the watch on the bridge
* Don’t leave the bridge until properly relieved
* You’re responsible for safe navigation despite the presence of the Master until it’s
mutually understood he has the con.
* Call the Master if in doubt
* You’re responsible for safe navigation despite the presence of a Pilot
* If in doubt of pilot’s intentions, seek clarification.
If still in doubt, call the Master, and take any action to keep the vessel safe
* Don’t perform any duties that would compromise keeping a safe navigational watch
* Ensure there are no distractions
* A qualified helmsman available
* High traffic, restricted vis, hazardous situations – engage hand steering, use radar
* Keep a proper record, position, course, speed
* Vessel follows the planned track using all available navigational aids
* Take fixes at frequent intervals.
What are the critical items to check before getting underway?
SERCLIP
Steering checked
* Bridge equipment checked
* Radar checked
* Compass checks
* Watertight integrity
* LSA items checked
* Passage plan checked
What is squat in navigation?
- Negative pressure
- Suction effect
- Shallow water
- 2 x draught
What is the bank effect?
In restricted waters, positive pressure pushes the bow away while suction pulls midships toward the bank.
How do you check the compass via amplitude of the sun?
Compass Check via Amplitude of the Sun at Sun rise and Sunset only
Sunset & sunrise is when the sun is half a diameter above the horizon.
* Take a bearing of the sun at rising or setting. (Azimuth mirror)
* Find the declination of the sun using the Nautical Almanac
* Note latitude from GPS
* Use Norries, with the LAT and Dec. to find the True bearing of the sun.
* Compare the True bearing of the sun against the bearing you took.
* Gyro Compass error High or Low.
* Magnetic Compass - TVMDC calculation to find deviation.
What should be done in restricted visibility?
Restricted Visibility MGN 369
* Comply with COLREGs Sections I & III
* Slow down & have engines ready
* Inform the Master & engage hand steering
* Close watertight doors
* Nav lights
* Sound signals
* Use RADAR
* Post look-outs
* Increase bridge manning levelsComply with COLREGs, slow down, inform the Master, engage hand steering, use radar, post look-outs.
What are the actions in the event of main engine failure?
Call Master & ECR
2. Chart assessment (pos. & nav hazards)
3. Manoeuvre ship away from danger
4. Light, shapes, sounds (NUC)
5. Prepare for anchoring, if possible
6. Broadcast Urgency message, if appropriate
7. Update AIS
8. Inform VTS or port authority
What are the initial actions following a collision?
nitial Action Following: Collision
1. Stop main engines
2. Sound general alarm
3. Call Master
4. Close watertight & fire doors
5. Start bilge & fire pumps
6. Full Muster
7. Assess & control damage
8. Broadcast Urgency or Distress message
9. Offer assistance to other ship
10.Sound around vessel
11. Check for pollution, Initiate SOPEP if required
12.Inform VTS or port authority
13.Switch on deck lighting
14.Preserve VDR & ECDIS recordings
15.Maintain a log of all events
What should you do if flooding occurs?
nitial action following: Flooding
1. Sound general alarm
2. Call Master
3. Close watertight & fire doors
4. Start bilge pumps
5. Full Muster
6. Assess & control damage
7. Flood in:
* Engine room – C1
* Steering gear compartment – C2
* Generator room – C3
8. 9. Broadcast Urgency or Distress message, if appropriate
Inform VTS or port authority
10.Maintain a log of all events
What equipment is carried under GMDSS in Area A1?
VHF DSC Ch 70, R/T VHF Ch 16, within coverage of at least one VHF coastal radio station.
CRS 20-30 miles
What is the procedure for testing GMDSS equipment daily?
Test DSC facilities, check batteries, ensure printers have adequate supplies, sign radio log.
GROUNDING
- Stop main engines
- Sound general alarm
- Call Master
- Close watertight & fire doors
- Start bilge & fire pumps
- Full Muster
- Assess & control damage
- Broadcast Urgency or Distress message
- Consider use of anchor
10.Check for pollution, Initiate SOPEP if required - Lights, shapes, sounds (aground)
12.Sound around ship
13.Fix position
14.Nature of seabed
15.Tides & currents
16.Inform VTS or port authority
17.Preserve VDR & ECDIS recordings
18.Maintain a log of all events
19.Ballast, re-float, salvage?
ABANDON SHIP
- Broadcast DISTRESS message
- Verbal command by captain on PA to abandon ship
- Full muster
- Everyone to don life jackets & Immersions suits if needed
- Prep life rafts for launching
- Collect EPIRB, SART, SOLAS Radios, grab bag, food, water, etc.
- Ensure no one has sharp objects on them
- Launch & enter life rafts
- Commence CLOSE, CUT, STREAM , MAINTAIN
10.Activate EPIRB immediately & SART (when appropriate)
Area A2
Whitin the coverage of shorebased MF coastal radio station;
MF DSC 2187.5 kHz, R/T MF 2182 kHz
100 miles from CRS
Area A3
Whitin coverage of an Inmarsat Geostationary Satellite
Sat-C
HF CRS
Area A4
Covers remaining sea areas of the world mainly polar region,
Carry HF DSC 8414.5 kHz capable alarrting CRS
