Embryology & Anatomy

Question 1

GIT first appears at (____) gestation and is complete by (____) gestation.

Answer 1

4 weeks, 12 weeks.

Question 2

At 4 weeks, the embryo consists of 3 parts: the endoderm, the mesoderm and the ectoderm that give rise to _____, _____ and _____ respectively.

Answer 2

The epithelial lining, the sm. Muscle and the enteric nervous system.

Question 3

Embryonic folding results in _________

Answer 3

A tubular structure and craniocaudal distribution.

Question 4

Further embryonic folding results in _________ and _________ sections forming into blind end tubes becomes _________ and _________ respectively separated by a section which is attached to the yolk sac which later becomes the _________

Answer 4

Cranial, caudal, foregut, hind gut, midgut.

Question 5

The foregut forms:

Answer 5

The pharynx, esophagus, stomach, proximal duodenum.

Question 6

The midgut forms:

Answer 6

The distal duodenum, small bowel, distal colon.

Question 7

The hindgut forms:

Answer 7

The distal colon, the rectum

Question 8

1- The intestine elongates into a loop that protrudes into the umbilical cord by week _________
2- The stomach and duodenum rotate 90 clockwise by week _________
3- The duodenum and juojenum herniate from the abdominal cavity and rotate around the axis of the sma [ counterclock wise ] by 90° and take a position behind the sma by week________
4- The intestine retracts into the abdomen by week _________
5- The cae cum moves downwards and the intestine have reached the final adult position by week _________

Answer 8

1- five
2- six
3- eight
4- eleven
5- the end of week eleven