Abnormalities Arising From Abnormal Embryological Development Flashcards
One of the most common sites of atresia is ________ with an incidence of ________, mostly occurs at the ________
Duodenum, 1 in 10k to 30k births,the ampulla of vater.
Duodenal atresia occurs either due to ________ or ________.
Complete mucosal membrane or a blind- ending proximal loop probably due to failure of canalization of the duodenum after the 7th week of life due to ischemia.
Associated anomalies can occur in ________ of cases including: ________ and ________.
Presentation may be in antenatal us as ________ or Post natal on the us as ________.
50%, down $, Prader Willi $.
Polyhydraminous, double bubble sign.
Atresia or stenosis can occur at any site of the GIT, the presenting feature of duodenal atresia is ________ usually after ________.
Bilious vomiting, the 1st feed.
Exomphalos occurs with an incidence of ________, due to ________.
1 in 3000, mid line in the anterior. abdominal wall
Exomphalos is ________
A membranous sac derived from the amniotic membrane encasing some organs that can include the stomach, intestine, liver and spleen.
Exomphalos is classified according to the size of the abdominal defect into ________
Major > 4 cm, minor < 4 cm
Exomphalos is frequently associated with other congenital anomalies as ________and 75 % of patients also have associated structural problems such as ________
Trisomy 13,18 and 21, cardiac anomalies
Exomphalos is usually identified by ________ and treated by ________ depending on ________and ________.it ‘s not an emergency providing that ________
Antenatal screening, surgical closure,
The size of the defect , wether the sac remains intact.
The intra-abdominal structures are well perfused
The incidence of gastroschisis is ________ and the risk factors incliude:
4 per 10k births, low maternal age, drag misuse, low socio-economic status, smoking and ethnic origin.
